03:51 May 25, 2013  

Larsen & Toubro Ltd

HSL Code: LARTOU   |   BSE Code: 500510  |   NSE Symbol: LT  |   ISIN: INE018A01030
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LARSEN AND TOUBRO LIMITED

ANNUAL REPORT 2011-2012

DIRECTOR`S REPORT

The Directors have pleasure in presenting their Annual Report and  Accounts 
for the year ended March 31, 2012.

FINANCIAL RESULTS:

	                                           2011-2012	  2010-2011
	                                           Rs. crore	  Rs. crore

Profit before depreciation, exceptional 
and extraordinary items and tax	                    6,954.79	   6,167.78

Less: Depreciation, amortization and 
obsolescence	                                      700.45	     600.28
	
                                                    6,254.34	   5,567.50

Add: Transfer from revaluation reserve	                0.99	       1.06

Profit before exceptional and 
extraordinary items and tax	                    6,255.33	   5,568.56

Add: Exceptional items	                               55.00	     262.07

Profit before extraordinary items and tax	    6,310.33	   5,830.63

Extraordinary items	                                   -	      70.84

Profit before tax	                            6,310.33	   5,901.47

Less: Tax expenses	                            1,853.83	   1,943.58

Profit after tax	                            4,456.50	   3,957.89

Add: Balance brought forward 
from previous year	                              105.68	     107.29

Less: Dividend paid for the previous year 
(including additional tax on dividend)	                3.89	       4.01

Balance available for disposal which the 
directors appropriate as follows:	            4,558.29	   4,061.17

Debenture redemption reserve	                       44.00	      49.83

Proposed Dividend	                            1,010.46	     882.84

Additional tax on dividend	                      101.44	     112.82

General reserve	                                    3,250.00	   2,910.00

	                                            4,405.90	   3,955.49

Balance to be carried forward	                      152.39	     105.68

Dividend

The Directors recommend payment of final 
dividend of Rs. 16.50 per equity share of 
Rs. 2/- each on 61,23,98,899 shares	             1010.46	     882 84

YEAR IN RETROSPECT:

The  gross sales and other income for the financial year under review  were 
Rs.  55,076  crore as against Rs. 45,444 crore for the  previous  financial 
year  registering  an  increase of 21%. The  Profit  before  tax  excluding 
extraordinary  and  exceptional items was Rs. 6,255 crore  and  the  Profit 
after tax excluding extraordinary and exceptional items of Rs. 4,413  crore 
for the financial year under review as against Rs. 5,569 crore and Rs.3,676 
crore respectively for the previous financial year, registering an increase 
of 12% and 20% respectively

DIVIDEND:

The  Directors recommend payment of dividend of Rs. 16.50 per equity  share 
of Rs. 2/- each.

DEPOSITORY SYSTEM:

As the members are aware, the Company`s shares are compulsorily tradable in 
electronic form. As on March 31, 2012, 97.19% of the Company`s total  paid-
up  Capital representing 59,52,14,789 shares is in dematerialized form.  In 
view  of the numerous advantages offered by the Depository system,  members 
holding  shares  in physical mode are advised to avail of the  facility  of 
dematerialization from either of the Depositories.

CAPITAL & FINANCE:

During the year under review, the Company allotted 35,46,773 equity  shares 
upon exercise of stock options by the eligible employees under the Employee 
Stock Option Schemes.

During the year under review, Rs. 540 crore were drawn by the Company under 
the  partly-paid Non-Convertible Debentures issued in 2010-201  1.  Further 
the  Company  tied  up  long term  foreign  currency  loans  equivalent  to 
approximately USD 145 million, half of which was drawn during the year, the 
balance to be drawn in 2012-2013.

During  the  year,  the  Company repaid a part of  the  long  term  foreign 
currency  loans,  equivalent  to  about Rs. 615  crore  and  redeemed  Non-
Convertible Debentures of Rs. 250 crore.

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE:

As  at  March 31, 2012, the gross fixed and  intangible  assets,  including 
leased  assets, stood at Rs. 11,295 crore and the net fixed and  intangible 
assets,  including leased assets, at Rs. 8,364 crore. Additions during  the 
year amounted to Rs. 1,725 crore.

DEPOSITS:

7  Deposits totaling Rs. 71,000 which were due for repayment on  or  before 
March  31, 2012 were not claimed by the depositors on that date. As on  the 
date of this report, none of these deposits have been claimed and paid.

TRANSFER TO INVESTOR EDUCATION & PROTECTION FUND:

The Company sends letters to all shareholders whose dividends are unclaimed 
so  as  to ensure that they receive their rightful dues. Efforts  are  also 
made  in  co-ordination with the Registrar to locate the  shareholders  who 
have not claimed their dues.

As provided in Section 205C(2) of the Companies Act, 1956, dividend  amount 
which was due and payable and remained unclaimed and unpaid for a period of 
seven years has to be transferred to Investor Education & Protection  Fund. 
Despite  the  reminder  letters  sent to each  shareholder,  an  amount  of 
Rs.1,10,97,033/-  remained  unclaimed  and  was  transferred  to   Investor 
Education  & Protection Fund by the Company during the year.  Cumulatively, 
the  amount transferred to the said fund was Rs. 9,90,45,963/- as on  March 
31, 2012.

SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES:

During  the  year  under review, the  Company  subscribed  to/sold/acquired 
equity  shares  in  various subsidiary companies.  These  subsidiaries  are 
either SPVs executing projects secured through Build Operate Transfer (BOT) 
route,  or holding companies making investments in companies such as  those 
engaged   in  power  and  financial  services  business.  The  details   of 
investments in subsidiary companies during the year are as under:

A)  Shares acquired during the year:

Name of the company	                                      No. of shares

L&T Cassidian Limited	                                             50,000
L&T Howden Private Limited	                                1,00,20,000
Larsen & Toubro Consultoria E Projecto Ltda	                     96,819
L&T General Insurance Company Limited	                       12,50,00,000
L&T Power Development Limited	                                3,20,00,000
L&T Infrastructure Development Projects Limited	                6,94,08,226
PNG Tollway Limited	                                        2,19,83,000
L&T Special Steels and Heavy Forgings Pvt. Limited	       11,10,00,000
L&T Kobelco Machinery Private Limited	                        1,02,00,000
L&T Metro Rail (Hyderabad) Limited	                           9,30,000
L&T Sapura Shipping Private Limited	                           1,72,911
L&T Infocity Limited	                                        2,40,30,000

B) Shares sold/transferred during the year:

Name of the company	                                      No. of shares

L&T Cassidian Limited	                                             13,000
L&T-Sargent & Lundy Limited (under buy-back)	                   4,36,366
L&T Rajkot Vadinar Tollway Limited	                        5,50,15,000
L&T Western India Tollbridge Limited	                        1,39,50,007
Raykal Aluminium Company Private Limited	                      2,250
L&T Power Limited*	                                                  7

*During  the  year the share capital of the Company was  consolidated  from 
15,34,92,000  equity  shares of Rs. 10 each into 51,164  equity  shares  of 
Rs.30,000 each.

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), vide its circular No. 2/2011 dated 
February 8, 2011, has granted general exemption under Section 212(8) of the 
Companies  Act, 1956, subject to certain conditions being fulfilled by  the 
Company. As required under the circular, the Board of Directors has, at its 
meeting  held on January 23, 2012, passed a resolution giving  consent  for 
not  attaching the Balance Sheet of the subsidiary companies. We have  also 
given  the  required  information on subsidiary companies  in  this  Annual 
Report.  Shareholders  who  wish  to have a copy of  the  full  report  and 
accounts  of  the subsidiaries will be provided the same on  receipt  of  a 
written  request  from  them.  These documents  will  be  uploaded  on  the 
Company`s Website viz. www.larsentoubro.com and will also be available  for 
inspection  by any shareholder at the Registered Office of the Company,  on 
any working day during business hours.

AUDITORS` REPORT:

The   Auditors`   Report  to  the  Shareholders  does   not   contain   any 
qualification.

DISCLOSURE OF PARTICULARS:

Information  as per the Companies (Disclosure of Particulars in the  Report 
of  Board  of Directors) Rules, 1988, relating to Conservation  of  Energy, 
Technology  Absorption, Foreign Exchange Earnings and Outgo is provided  in 
Annexure `A` forming part of this Report.

OTHER DISCLOSURES:

The disclosures required to be made under the Securities and Exchange Board 
of India (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase  Scheme) 
Guidelines,  1999, together with a certificate obtained from the  Statutory 
Auditors,  confirming compliance, is provided in Annexure `B` forming  part 
of this Report.

Pursuant to Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement entered into with the  Stock 
Exchanges, a Report on Corporate Governance and a certificate obtained from 
the  Statutory Auditors confirming compliance, is provided in Annexure  `C` 
forming part of this Report.

PERSONNEL:

The  Board  of  Directors wishes to express its  appreciation  to  all  the 
employees  for  their  outstanding contribution to the  operations  of  the 
Company during the year. The information required under Section 217(2A)  of 
the  Companies  Act,  1956 and the Rules made thereunder,  is  provided  in 
Annexure forming part of the Report. In terms of Section 219(1)(b) (iv)  of 
the  Act,  the  Report  and Accounts are being  sent  to  the  Shareholders 
excluding  the aforesaid Annexure. Any Shareholder interested in  obtaining 
copy of the same may write to the Company Secretary. None of the  employees 
listed in the said Annexure is related to any Director of the Company.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES:

By  complying with the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and Clause  49 
of  the  Listing  Agreement, the Company is complying with  all  the  major 
clauses of the Corporate Governance Voluntary Guidelines, 2009.

We  have  reported  in  Annexure `C`  to  the  Directors`  Report-Corporate 
Governance,  the  extent  of our compliance  of  the  Corporate  Governance 
Voluntary Guidelines, 2009 under the following heads:

1. Nomination & Remuneration Committee
2. Other Information
3. Audit Committee
4. General Shareholders` Information

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES:

MCA  had  released a set of guidelines on Corporate  Social  Responsibility 
(CSR)  in  December 2009. The Company is substantially complying  with  the 
guidelines laid down.

The  Company  has  been  one of  the  first  engineering  and  construction 
companies in India to publish its report on Corporate Sustainability.

The activities carried out by the Company as a part of its CSR  initiatives 
are  briefly described on pages 14 to 19 and 106 of the Annual Report.  The 
detailed Corporate Sustainability Report is also available on the Company`s 
website www.larsentoubro.com.

DIRECTORS` RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT:

The Board of Directors of the Company confirms:-

i.  That  in  the  preparation  of  the  annual  accounts,  the  applicable 
Accounting  Standards  have been followed and there has  been  no  material 
departure;

ii. That the selected accounting policies were applied consistently and the 
Directors  made judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent  so 
as  to give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company  as 
at  March 31, 2012 and of the profits of the Company for the year ended  on 
that date;

iii. That proper and sufficient care has been taken for the maintenance  of 
adequate  accounting  records  in accordance with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies  Act,  1956, for safeguarding the assets of the Company  and  for 
preventing and detecting fraud and other irregularities;

iv.  That the annual accounts have been prepared on a going concern  basis; 
and

v. That the Company has adequate internal systems and controls in place  to 
ensure compliance of laws applicable to the Company.

DIRECTORS:

During  the year under review, Mr. K. V. Rangaswami Whole-time Director  of 
the Company retired as Director of the Company on June 30, 2011.

Mr.  S. N. Subrahmanyan was inducted as Whole-time Director of the  Company 
w.e.f. July 1, 2011.

Mr.  Y. M. Deosthalee, Chief Financial Officer and Whole-time  Director  of 
the Company retired on September 5, 2011.

The  Board  has appointed Mr. R. Shankar Raman as Chief  Financial  Officer 
w.e.f. September 6, 2011 and as a Whole-time Director of the Company w.e.f. 
October 1, 2011.

Pursuant  to the Articles of Association of the Company, Mr. A. M. Naik  is 
proposed  to be appointed as a Director liable to retire by rotation,  with 
effect from October 1, 2012, in the forthcoming Annual General Meeting,  in 
view  of  his appointment as Executive Chairman from October 1,  2012  upto 
September 30, 2017.

Mr. K. Venkataramanan is appointed as Chief Executive Officer and  Managing 
Director  of  the  Company w.e.f. April 1, 2012 upto  September  30,  2015. 
Pursuant  to  the  Articles of Association of the Company he  will  not  be 
liable to retire by rotation.

Mr.  Shailendra  Roy was inducted as a Whole-time Director of  the  Company 
w.e.f. March 9, 2012.

Consequent to her retirement from General Insurance Company Limited  (GIC), 
Mrs. Bhagyam Ramani resigned as a Director w.e.f. May 8, 2012.

Mr. Thomas Matthew T., Mr. M.V. Kotwal, Mr. V. K. Magapu and Mr. Ravi Uppal 
retire  from the Board by rotation and are eligible for  re-appointment  at 
the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

Mr. J. S. Bindra retires from the Board of Directors but has not sought re-
appointment  at  the  forthcoming Annual General  Meeting.  Accordingly,  a 
suitable  resolution  will  be placed before  the  shareholders  for  their 
approval.

The  notice convening the Annual General Meeting includes the proposal  for 
appointment/re-appointment of Directors.

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

Your  Directors  have  pleasure in  attaching  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements pursuant to Clause 32 of the Listing Agreement entered into with 
the  Stock  Exchanges  and  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  Accounting 
Standards prescribed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, in 
this regard.

The   Auditors`   Report  to  the  Shareholders  does   not   contain   any 
qualification.

AUDITORS:

The  Auditors, M/s. Sharp & Tannan (S&T), hold office until the  conclusion 
of  the  ensuing  Annual  General  Meeting  and  are  recommended  for  re-
appointment. Certificate from the Auditors has been received to the  effect 
that  their re-appointment, if made, would be within the limits  prescribed 
under Section 224(1B) of the Companies Act, 1956.

S&T  has  submitted the Peer Review Certificate dated  September  21,  2010 
issued to them by Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI).

COST AUDITORS:

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has introduced The Companies  (Cost 
Audit  Report) Rules, 2011 vide its notification no. GSR 430(E) dated  June 
3,  2011.  These rules make it mandatory for industries to appoint  a  Cost 
Auditor within 90 days of the commencement of the financial year. The  Cost 
Audit  Order No. 52/26/CAB/2010 dated January 24, 2012  covers  engineering 
machinery (including electrical and electronic products) due to which  some 
of the Company`s manufacturing operations will get covered w.e.f. April  1, 
2012.

Based on the Audit Committee recommendations at its meeting held on May  2, 
2012,  the Board has approved the appointment of M/s R. Nanabhoy &  Co.  as 
the Cost Auditors of the Company for the financial year 2012-2013,  subject 
to approval of the Central Government.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

Your  Directors take this opportunity to thank the Financial  Institutions, 
Banks,  Central and State Government authorities,  Regulatory  authorities, 
Stock  Exchanges and all the various stakeholders for their  continued  co-
operation  and support to the Company. Your Directors also wish  to  record 
their appreciation for the continued co-operation and support received from 
the Joint Venture partners/Associates.

                                             For and on behalf of the Board

                                             A. M. Naik
                                             Chairman & Managing Director

     
Place: Mumbai, 
Date : May 14, 2012

Annexure `A` to the Directors` Report:

(Additional  information  given  in terms of  notification  issued  by  the 
Ministry of Corporate Affairs)

[A] CONSERVATION OF ENERGY:

(a) Energy Conservation measures taken: 

1. Improving energy effectiveness/efficiency of Equipment and Systems:-

*  Effective load monitoring and rationalization of operational timings  of 
air conditioning chillers, air handling units and elevators.

* Inverter based conversion of all contractor welding rectifiers.

* Replacement of Crawler cranes by Goliath bays in MFF-3 improving  working 
efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.

* Installation of Smart Lighting Energy Savings Device to regulate  feeding 
voltage to illumination system.

* Conducting independent Energy Audit at MFF, Hazira.

* Modification of HVAC in electrical lab and training centre by  connecting 
12TR air handling units and installing 15TR air handling units to secondary 
chilled water lines of CRR.

* Replacement of MH/HPSV with CFL.

*  Harvesting of rainwater targeting anti-pollution drives  against  ground 
and surface water pollution.

* Management of water supply through electro*magnetic water flow meters  at 
Kansbahal.

* Installation of solar water heaters in Guest Houses & Hostels.

* Installation of bio-gas plant for solid waste management.

* Installation of energy savers in lighting distribution in TC-3 towers.

* Use of Electronic drive for Blower motors to improve the motor efficiency 
and enhance energy saving.

*  Use  of  energy  saving  devices  like  Occupancy  sensors,  Timers  and 
contactors in shop offices, buildings, wash rooms, unused space etc.

*  Changing  of connections of Blower motor from Delta to  star  to  reduce 
power consumption of motor.

*  Replacement  of  Tube  lights & Metal Halide  lamp  (MHL)  with  Compact 
Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) in offices, shop floor etc.

* Use of Solar power for office lighting, heat water for canteen use, etc.

* Use of Variable frequency drive for various applications such as  Welding 
Positioners,  induction  motors, EOT cranes, Machine tools to  improve  the 
motor efficiency and enhance energy saving.

* Installation of transparent roofing.

* Installation of 3 AC Drives for Turn Tables.

*  Automation  of Coolant supply system in drilling machines to  give  feed 
only during drilling cycle.

* Installation of Standby mode for the cranes.

* Effective utilization of clean green energy.

* Installations of turbo ventilators for shop floor roofs.

* Installations of sky light panels on shop roof & sides.

* Use of Grid Power in place of DG set power.

* Switching off idle transformer.

* Installation of solar street light system in ECC campus.

* Installation of 125 KW rooftop solar PV system in ECC campus resulting in 
annual power generation of around 197,000 Kwhr.

* Energy saving by change from Star/delta connection to star connection  of 
table motor in 1600 mm table diameter Vertical Turret Lathes at Valves Mfg. 
Unit (VMU) at Coimbatore.

*  Optimization  of  fan  speeds  in  dust  collectors  at  Foundry   Unit, 
Coimbatore.

* Installation of PLC based air monitoring system in Compressor  operations 
at Foundry Unit, Coimbatore.

*  Installation of no-loss drain valve near compressed air pressure  vessel 
at Foundry Unit, Kansbahal.

*  Reduction  in  use of Material handling equipment & saving  of  fuel  by 
improving overall plant layout in MFF.

* Installation of 1000 KVAr of Automatic Power Factor Correction Panels for 
MFF-1, 2 & 3.

*  Introduction  of  double circuit in High mast  light  towers  to  reduce 
illumination and power consumption during non-working hours.

*  Installation of Auto temperature controller with the use of VFD and  PID 
controller in HVAC of MFF EPC Block.

* Retrofitting on 3 MT EOT crane with installation of VFD.

* Incorporation of transparent poly carbonate sheets at the time of  design 
for new shops to make use of day-light for illumination.

*  Retrofitting of CNC control on VDF Table Borer in Machine shop  (Machine 
No.  122)  at  Kansbahal for increased productivity &  reduction  in  power 
consumption.

* Replacement of energy efficient HPSV SON-T lamp for open Yards in MFF-1 & 
2.

*  Procurement  of 700 MT EOT and Goliath cranes having all  motors  driven 
through high efficient VFD controlling.

*  Conducting 70% of MFF Blasting operation in controlled shop  environment 
to  realize  more  efficient  blasting  process  and  reduction  of  diesel 
consumption & compressor requirements.

2. Improving energy effectiveness/efficiency of Manufacturing Processes:-

*  Design  new  Low  voltage heating pads for coke  drum  to  reduce  power 
consumption.

*  Modified  PLC program of Toshiba 1 & 2, KOLB & Homma machines  to  avoid 
idle running of coolant motors.

* Installation of servo drive in SKODA.

* Installation of AC Spindle motors & Drives 2 nos. for Kolb machines.

* Installation of modified Deep Hole Drilling Tool Holder resulting in  20% 
Cycle time reduction & energy saving at Coimbatore.

* Implementation of new cutting plan for raw material have resulted in  25% 
saving of raw material and Energy at Coimbatore.

(b)  Additional investments and pr oposals, if any, being  implemented  for 
reduction of consumption of energy:

* Solar Street Lights at the remote places for security purpose.

* Biogas plant at the Canteen to reduce the waste disposal.

* Astronomical Timers for better control on Outdoor Lighting System.

* Solar pipe light in shop floor & offices.

* Installation of magnetic resonators for improving the efficiency in  fuel 
consumption  (both  liquid & gas) in furnaces,  pre-heating,  post  heating 
etc..

*  Installation  of energy management system (EMS) at  main  substation  at 
Kansbahal for monitoring of area wise energy consumption.

*  Retrofitting  of  Variable Frequency Drives for crane  hoists  at  LTM`s 
Kancheepuram Plant.

* Installation of Electronic Drive in 37KW Blower Motor in SR Furnace (HFS-
1).
*  Changing of control of Brick Furnace from Cycle control to Firing  Angle 
control.

* Changing Heat treatment control panel from convention contactor to  Solid 
State Relay (SSR) based panel.

(c)  Impact  of  measures  at (a) and (b) above  for  reduction  of  energy 
consumption and consequent impact on the cost of production of goods:

* The measures taken have resulted in savings in cost of production,  power 
consumption, reduction in carbon dioxide emissions & processing time.

(d) Total Energy Consumption and Energy Consumption per unit of pr oduction 
as per Form A in respect of industries specified in the Schedule:

FORM - A

FORM FOR DISCLOSURE OF PARTICULARS WITH RESPECT TO CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

[A] POWER & FUEL CONSUMPTION:

	                                           FOUNDRY	    FOUNDRY
	                                         Reporting    Previous Year
	                                              Year	  2010-2011
	                                         2011-2012	

1. Electricity		
	
(a) Purchased Unit	                      261.247 KWhr    306.08 L KWhr

Total amount	                            Rs. 1,519.72 L   Rs. 1,552.24 L

Rate/Unit	                                  Rs. 5.82         Rs. 5.07 
                                                 (Average)	  (Average)

(b) Own generation 

(i)  Through diesel generator		
	
Unit	                                       2.35 L KWHr     2.859 L KWhr
	
Unit per ltr. of diesel oil	                3.10 Units	 3.15 Units
	
Cost/unit	                                 Rs. 12.75	  Rs. 12.50
	
(ii) Through steam turbine/generator		
	
Unit	                                               NIL	        NIL
	
Unit per ltr. of fuel oil/gas	                       NIL	        NIL
	
Cost/unit	                                       NIL	        NIL

2. Coal (specify quality 
and where used)

Quantity (tones)	                               NIL	        NIL
	
Total cost	                                       NIL	        NIL
	
Average rate	                                       NIL	        NIL

3. H S D		

Quantity (k.ltrs.)	                            643.22	     721.50

Total amount	                              Rs. 265.14 L	Rs. 55.09 L

Average rate	                             Rs. 41.22/Ltr    Rs. 35.00/Ltr

4. Others/internal generation		
	
Quantity (k. ltrs.)	                               NIL	        NIL
	
Total cost	                                       NIL	        NIL
	
Rate/unit	                                       NIL	        NIL

A. Consumption per unit of 
production Stands (if any)

Products (with details) unit		

Casting	                                       14,694 Tons	19,434 Tons

Ferro Alloy**	                                         -	          -

Electricity	                                   KWH/Ton	    KWh/Ton

Casting	                                             1,735	    1546.63

Ferro Alloy**	                                         -	          -

H S D		

Casting	                                     43.80 Ltr/Ton    37.12 Ltr/Ton

Ferro Alloy**	                                         -	          -

Coal (specify quality)	                               NIL	        NIL

Others (specify)	                               NIL	        NIL

[B] TECHNOLOGY ABSORPTION:

Efforts made in technology absorption as per Form B.

FORM - B

(Disclosure of particulars with respect to Technology Absorption)

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)

1. Specific areas in which R&D carried out by the Company:

* Chemical Engineering:-

Design,  analysis and simulation of chemical processes and equipment,  with 
special emphasis on Gas Processing applications (Gas/Liquid Separation, Gas 
Dehydration  and Gas Sweetening Units); Capability development  in  process 
simulation  for  Ammonia  and  Urea Plants;  Process  Engineering  for  Gas 
Compressor  Modules;  Technology Evaluation of Air Separation  Units;  Flow 
simulation  studies  for  Oil & Gas Projects;  Refractory  engineering  for 
Fertilizer and Refinery Plant equipment; Modeling and process simulation of 
fixed   bed  and  entrained  bed  Coal  Gasifiers;  Failure  analysis   and 
troubleshooting  of  various  process units; Solid  handling  processes  in 
Petrochemical applications.

* Material Science & Corrosion Engineering:-

Material  selection/material characterization for equipment and systems  in 
various Oil & Gas Projects; Failure Analysis studies for components such as 
waste heat recovery coils, furnace tubes, pulverizer roller liners,  pumps, 
fasteners,  fittings,  coatings  etc.;  Reverse  engineering  and  material 
development  support  for Defence equipment;  Preservation  techniques  for 
critical  systems;  Cathodic  protection system for  marine  vessels;  Eco-
friendly  corrosion  inhibitors;  Surface engineering of  metals  and  non-
metals;  Development  of  Composites  with  functional  properties;   Nano-
materials for strategic applications.

* Thermal Engineering:-

Application of CFD technique in design optimization and troubleshooting  of 
equipment  and  systems (such as flare and exhaust stack,  chimney  risers, 
multi-phase  separator and water jet propulsion system);  Check-rating  and 
design  optimization  of  waste heat recovery coils  and  heat  exchangers; 
Analysis  of  heat loss from subsea pipeline and  insulation  requirements; 
String  Testing  of Process Gas Compressor modules for  Offshore  Platform; 
Modeling  of heat transfer mechanism in Orifice Chamber;  Failure  analysis 
and  troubleshooting  involving  heat  exchangers,  boilers,  heaters   and 
furnaces;  Transient analysis of flue gas exhaust system in Refinery;  Low-
temperature  thermal  desalination processes; Furnace waste  heat  recovery 
using molten salt system.

* Rotating Machinery:-

Advanced  engineering studies in Vibration and Acoustics for machinery  and 
piping;  Stress analysis and design optimization of rotary  absorber  unit; 
Dynamic  stress analysis of piping network in Refinery Complex  considering 
flow-induced  and  acoustic vibration; Design of  acoustic  insulation  for 
critical piping system; Troubleshooting of machinery vibration problems  in 
high-speed  pumps, drive gearboxes and compressors; Plant noise  assessment 
for  Refinery Complex; Product development/design optimization studies  for 
Coal  Pulverizes  units  for  Supercritical Boilers;  String  test  of  PGC 
Modules;  Technical  support during Acceptance Test and  Commissioning  for 
critical machinery.

* Mechanical Engineering:-

Design  solutions  for critical equipment through advanced  Finite  Element 
Analysis;  Thermal-Structural composite analysis for equipment, piping  and 
support  systems; Design and fatigue analysis of high-pressure  vessels  as 
per  ASME Sec. VIII Div.3; Advanced stress analysis of critical  structures 
such  as  offshore  jacket, crane pedestal of drilling  rig,  winch  system 
foundation,  pipeline reeling system and flare stack; Boat Impact  Analysis 
for offshore jackets; Buckling analysis of sub-sea piping; Stress  analysis 
and design optimization of piping system for high-pressure/high-temperature 
well-head  platform; Analysis of pipe reeling system;  Experimental  stress 
analysis of critical equipment such as deck crane during load testing.

* Water Technologies:-

Technology  evaluation for water, sludge and effluent treatment  processes; 
Design  and detailing of water/wastewater facilities, sludge  and  effluent 
treatment  plants in Oil & Gas, Fertilizer and Power Projects;  Application 
of advanced treatment technologies such as sea water/brackish water thermal 
desalination,   membrane  bioreactor,  sequential  batch  reactor,   upflow 
anaerobic  sludge  blanket reactor etc.;  Oil-water  separation  processes; 
Waste  minimization/recycling techniques; Methodologies for achieving  Zero 
Discharge  from  plants;  Lab scale pilot  plant  studies  for  determining 
characteristics and treatability aspects of water and wastewater.

*  Development of software for the automated design of storm  water  drains 
for substation yards.

* Experimental study on the horizontal and vertical connections of  precast 
shear walls.

* Continued Research on the development of software on the design of  piled 
raft foundations suitable for high rise buildings.

*  Development of alternate Solution to reduce bitumen content by means  of 
Sulphur Pellets.

* Development of cold mix design for pot hole repair in pavements.

* Development of high enduring fatigue resistant bituminous mixes.

*  Development of India`s First Composite pavement and evaluation  using  a 
Falling weight deflectometer.

* Development of Soil Piles by Deep Soil Mixing Technique.

* Development of Plastic concrete for diaphragm walls

* Development of Low cost sub base layers in highway express corridors.

* Development of Alternate Filling System.

*  Development  of  Roller compacted concrete with  margin  aggregates  for 
hydroelectric dam projects.

* Development of low permeability concrete mixes using plastic concrete.

*  Designed and evaluated high early strength concrete for  application  in 
Port structures.

* Development of low cost indigenous cementitious grout for precast housing 
project.

* Completion of Design validation tests on the Class 3100 20 inch and the 6 
inch  Class  3100  valves at Valves Manufacturing Unit (VMU)  to  meet  the 
requirements of customers.

* Design, development and supply of Straight pattern globe valves in  Class 
4500 which are used in super critical power plants at VMU.

* Validation of designs on metal seated ball valves at VMU.

*  Development of a bigger coal crusher (Ring Granulator model 1219  U)  at 
Kansbahal.

*  Development of new products by LTM such as 46", 51" and 68.5"  Hydraulic 
Tyre Curing Presses; 95" and 118" Mechanical Tyre Curing Presses and  68.5" 
Hybrid Tyre Curing Press.

*  Development of an All-Electric Injection Molding Machine eTech  160  and 
also  integration of a new injection unit with high power motor  for  eTech 
105 by Product Development Center, Coimbatore.

* Development of mobile screeners and crushers are in progress.

*  Developed  low  cost hydraulic bound layer for  metro  depot  foundation 
system.

* Developed innovative creep test equipment for concrete.

* Development of iPAD.

* Development of welding Simulation Technology.

*  Development  of Steam Generator & Moisture Separator for  Nuclear  Power 
Plant.

* Development of LNG vaporizer.

* Development of cyclone separator for FCC regenerator in refinery.

* Development of Futuristic Infantry Combat Vehicle.

*  Development of mechanical systems & fire control algorithms  for  mobile 
artillery systems such as the Towed and Tracked Self Propelled 155 mm Guns.

* Development of Dual band Antenna & High frequency RF receiver along  with 
its stabilized platform for high speed & ultra-reliable tracking system.

* Development of optronics & drive packages for Air Defense Gun upgrades.

* In-house development of software application packages for Solar PV  Power 
Plant,   Ship   Lift   controls,  resource   management   for   environment 
sustainability and material handling.

* Development of low voltage high power BLDC drives.

* Development of Torpedo Weapon Complex for submarines.

*  Development of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle for surveillance  &  target 
simulation.

*  Development  of integrated power pack solutions  for  remotely  operated 
tracked vehicles.

* Development of water jet propulsion system for high speed crafts.

* Development of military communication hardware & solutions and ion-mobile 
spectroscopy based chemical agent monitors.

* Development of capabilities & technologies related to Frequency Modulated 
Continuous  Wave  Radars;  Multi-sensor data fusion  for  automated  target 
recognition; Video analytics for enhanced situation awareness and composite 
material based radomes & sonar domes.

* Design and development of new products and product ranges of Air  Circuit 
Breakers  (ACB), Moulded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCB), Contactors,  Relays, 
Switch Disconnector-Fuse and Change over devices.

* Design and development of new product ranges of Low Voltage Power Control 
Centre (PCC) and Motor Control Centre (MCC) Switchboards.

*  Development  of Tele-tector, Gamma Logger and  Mobile  Radiation  Survey 
system.

*  Development  of  Resin transfer moulding  machine,  for  manufacture  of 
composites with very high Fiber Volume Fraction (FVF).

*  Development of special purpose machine for machining of  composites  for 
Universal Vertical Missile launchers.

2. Benefits derived as a result of above R&D:

*  Complete  process  simulation, design  solutions  and  optimization  for 
Hydrocarbon  projects  in Fertilizer sector, involving  Reformers,  Ammonia 
Plant and Urea Plant.

*  Establishment  of  in-house capability in Process  Simulation  and  FEED 
Verification  of  on-shore/off-shore  Gas  Processing  Plants  and   design 
optimization of associated equipment.

*  In-house  expertise for complete Refractory  solutions  (e.g.,  material 
selection,   engineering,  commissioning  and  troubleshooting)  in   high-
temperature equipment for process plants.

* Development of in-house capability in multi-phase flow simulation studies 
for Oil & Gas Projects.

*  Successful  testing/commissioning  of plants and  equipment  in  various 
Hydrocarbon projects, through multi-disciplinary technology support.

* Effective support to business units for all Materials related assignments 
(such  as  material evaluation/characterization; selection  of  alternative 
materials;  failure  analysis;  preservation and  corrosion  protection  of 
critical   equipment;   development   of  new   materials   for   strategic 
applications).

*  Development  of in-house expertise related to  manufacturing  processes, 
welding,    heat    treatment,    failure    mechanisms    and    corrosion 
protection/preservation  issues of equipment having special metallurgy  for 
critical Oil & Gas applications.

*  Successful troubleshooting/design optimization of Oil &  Gas  Processing 
equipment,  heat exchangers, flares and exhaust stack etc., using  advanced 
CFD  technique; design and check-rating of critical thermal  equipment  for 
heat  exchange/heat  recovery  applications; Estimation of  heat  loss  and 
insulation  requirements  for  sub-sea pipeline;  Transient  heat  transfer 
analysis  for  flue  gas exhaust system  Capability  development  in  newer 
applications  such  as  low-temperature  thermal  desalination  and  energy 
storage through molten salt system.

*  Establishment of in-house capabilities in analysis of piping system  for 
flow-induced  and  acoustic-induced vibrations; Completion of  Plant  Noise 
studies utilizing in-house expertise; Development of in-house  capabilities 
in  special  acoustic studies such as piping insulation  design  and  valve 
noise/vent noise assessment.

*  Development of in-house expertise in advanced FEA and  fatigue  analysis 
techniques  for  specialized systems (Orifice  Chamber/associated  piping); 
Design upgrade and optimization of coal pulverizers.

* Successful completion of failure analysis/troubleshooting assignments for 
critical  machinery;  Technical  support to business  units  for  machinery 
acceptance testing and commissioning.

*  Development  of  FEA-based  design/analysis  methodology  for   critical 
components  such as nozzles, expansion joints, winches/sheaves, flare  hook 
and crane pedestal.

*  Establishment  of in-house capability in composite analysis  of  complex 
systems involving equipment, piping and structures; Design methodology  for 
advanced  FE analysis involving non-linear effects,  shock/impact,  thermal 
fatigue and high-pressure/high-temperature processes.

*  Development  of in-house expertise in specialized applications  such  as 
low-temperature creep phenomenon and buckling of sub-sea piping system.

*  Competing  with  international competitors due  to  development  of  new 
products by LTM.

* Participation in offshore segment due to development of metal seated ball 
valves.

*  Development of eco-friendly products, augmentation of existing range  of 
products and introduction of new features.

*  Technical  support  to  Oil & Gas, Fertilizer  and  Power  Projects  for 
complete  water and waste water management solution; Design of  sludge  and 
effluent treatment systems; Development of water recycling, reuse and zero-
discharge  schemes;  Appropriate technical solutions for  water  treatment, 
filtration and desalination applications.

*  Savings  in  time to the tune 75% compared to earlier  practice  in  the 
design of layout of storm water drains for substation yards.

* Know how on the cost effective precast connection systems for buildings.

* In-house testing facility created for the testing of structural elements.

* Cost savings of bituminous mixes with sulphur pellets is 10%.

*  Cold  mix for pothole repair is 50% economical compared  to  proprietary 
products. Conventional mixes have become obsolete due to continuous  damage 
and repair methodology issues.

* Substituted the imported equipment for creep studies which costs 30 lakhs 
by indigenous development of test set up.

*  The crust thickness of composite pavement is half that  of  conventional 
pavement  with  this new technology and performance evaluation  by  falling 
weight  deflectometer is excellent for composite pavement when compared  to 
conventional pavement.

*  Cost  Saving of 25-30% as compared to other conventional  Methods  using 
deep soil mixing technique.

* Cost Savings of 25% compared to conventional base material using low cost 
hydraulic bound layer.

*  The  alternate  engineered soil materials have provided  cost  and  time 
effective technology in metro sites.

*  Development of EOM for C-Line changeover switch and MO  range  capacitor 
switching contactors.

*  Offering  internationally benchmarked product  range  with  contemporary 
technologies.

*  In-house  testing facility has yielded reliable and timely  delivery  of 
about  125  various  construction materials  for  faster  construction  and 
knowledge upgradation.

*  Know  how in construction materials for forth coming high  rise  towers, 
metro and port infrastructure projects.

* Remote monitoring and civil engineers AutoCad viewer.

* Indigenisation & development of products for Indian Defence sector.

* Indigenisation & development of products for Indian Space sector.

* Indigenisation & development of products for Indian Nuclear sector.

* Savings in Foreign Exchange.

3. Future Plan of Action:

The R&D Centre is committed to providing appropriate technology support  to 
all  Hydrocarbon  Projects, as required by various business  units.  Future 
development  activities  are  identified based on  the  expected  needs  of 
upcoming   Projects  as  well  as  requirements  for  in-house   capability 
development. The following key areas have been identified under R&D  Action 
Plan:

* In-house design/simulation capability of Ammonia and Urea Processes.

*  Rate-based model development and simulation for Pre-Reformer,  HTER  and 
Auto-thermal Reformer.

*  Capability development in multi-phase flow assurance studies using  OLGA 
software.

* Use of Refinery Residue for gasification application.

* Process design capabilities in Petrochemical/Polymer Plants.

*  Process  technology for coal gasification (technology  evaluation,  coal 
characterization,  performance simulation, design optimization  and  system 
integration for EPC Projects).

* Modularization of Process Plants.

* Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) techniques for Oil & Gas Projects.

* Development of special engineered products for the power industry like Re 
heat isolation device and the quick closing NRV at VMU.

* Development of semi-mobile crushing plant for coal at Kansbahal.

*  Development of Hydraulic presses for passenger car and truck- bus  tyres 
and development of all electric presses for the same segment at LTM.

*  Cryogenic  Air  Separation  Processes  (technology  evaluation,  process 
simulation, heat integration and system engineering).

* Use of CFD techniques for performance assessment of coal gasifiers.

*  Emerging (Non-traditional) energy solutions such as CBM, Shale  Gas  and 
Tar Sands.

* Design of Cryogenic Vaporizers and Cold Boxes for Air Separation plants.

* Design of Combustion Air Pre-heaters for Reformers in Ammonia Plants.

* Design analysis of Bulk Flow coolers in Urea Plants.

*   Application  of  Low  Temperature  Thermal  Desalination  process   for 
commercial use.

* Design/engineering of molten salt based thermal energy storage system for 
electric arc furnace with intermittent operation.

*  Power  generation solutions for offshore process  platforms  using  wind 
power.

*  Development of software application packages for  substation  automation 
with  IEC interface, Integrated Building Management System and  Meter  Data 
Acquisition System for Smart Grid.

*  Development  of in-house design/analysis capability  involving  Recycle, 
Reuse and Zero-discharge Technologies.

* Solar energy based desalination plants for "Clean Energy" initiative.

*  Advanced Finite Element Analysis (FEA) techniques for process  equipment 
subjected to thermal shock.

* Techniques for Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM)  studies 
as part of specialized engineering support for Process Plants.

* Development of design/analysis methodology for Floating Structures  using 
FEA.

* Study on state-of-the art analysis technique for Cold Creep phenomenon.

* Design methodology for buckling analysis of sub-sea pipelines.

*  Study on degradation mechanisms in material of construction for  Ammonia 
Convertor.

*  Chemical  synthesis  of  Platinum  nano-particles  for  development   of 
electrodes for Electro-chemical applications.

*  Study  on  degradation/failure mechanisms for  High-Strength  Steel  and 
Duplex Stainless Steels.

*   Development  of  environmentally-friendly  chemical  formulations   for 
chemical cleaning and pickling of steels.

*  Analytical  and  experimental study on the different  types  of  precast 
connections suitable for high rise buildings.

* Software for the design of the large capacity transmission towers.

* Production of mixes with lower bitumen content and higher fatigue life.

*  Usage  of the proven technology in various other sites and  derive  long 
term economical and performance benefits.

*  Effective  utilization  of the deep soil mixing  technology  at  various 
sites.

*  Develop  platform  product ranges on new  technology  platform,  thereby 
creating a technology differentiation in the product.

* Incorporate technologically cutting edge to the product portfolio.

* Addressing new applications through the new product ranges.

* Creation of new markets and geographies for newer business opportunities.

*  Participation  in  the  various  national  and  international   Standard 
Organizations will ensure that the product designs are always  contemporary 
and meet latest regulatory requirements.

* Development of new concrete.

* Development of new/upgraded products in defense equipments.

* Development of new/upgraded products in space equipments.

* Development of product as well as technological development in the  areas 
of Refineries, Fertilizer, Petrochemical & Energy.

*   Development  of  technologies  to  automate  composite   production   & 
integration.

* CEFD - Centre for Excellence and Future Development

CEFD  was started a couple of years ago and is responsible  for  developing 
sustainable  and  carbon neutral built spaces. As a step  forward  in  this 
process,   CEFD  is  focusing  on  enhancing  energy   efficiency,   indoor 
environmental  quality, occupant comfort and climate responsiveness in  the 
upcoming projects. The thrust areas of CEFD are as follows:

Performance Enhancement in Built   : Assisting energy efficiency during 
spaces	                             design

                                     Comfort and energy analysis of 
                                     existing and upcoming projects

	                             Experimental testing and thermal 
                                     performance evaluation of building 
                                     envelope systems for existing 
                                     buildings

Developing new technology systems:

Energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality in buildings:-

Developing  design  guidelines  for office spaces  which  involves  spatial 
design  optimization,  envelope  optimization and  material  selection  for 
various climatic zones.

Developing  energy performance database for various glazing  systems  which 
will further be used to create a tool for glazing and frame selection.

Life cycle costing:- 

LCC analysis to support selection of building systems.

Tools/Interface development:- 

HTML interface to assist shading design for major Indian cities.

Sustainability Initiatives:

Facilitation and coordination for green rating.

Capacity Building:

Collaborative research initiatives with organizations like IITs, IISc, TERI 
and research laboratories in US, Canada and Europe.

Knowledge enhancement programs for various divisions of B&F (IC).

4. Expenditure on R&D:		                Rs. crore	
	
                                   2011-2012	2010-2011	

(a) Capital	                       56.86	    40.72	

(b) Recurring	                       78.14	    68.26	

(c) Total	                      135.00	   108.98	

(d) Total R&D expenditure as 
a percentage of total turnover	       0.25%	    0.25%	

TECHNOLOGY ABSORPTION, ADAPTATION AND INNOVATION:

1.  Efforts  in  brief made towards technology absorption,  adaptation  and 
innovation:

*  Interaction with external agencies/technology partners for  exposure  to 
the   latest  products/designs,  manufacturing   technologies,   processes, 
analytical techniques and engineering protocols.

*  Active  involvement with International/National  Professional  Societies 
(such as IChemE, AIChE/CCPS, IIChE, ICC, FRI, ASME, NACE, ASM, ASTM,  AISC, 
ACS, TERI, HTFS, HTRI, STLE, TSI, NAFEMS, TSI, etc.).

*  Knowledge sharing through national/international  conferences,  seminars 
and exhibitions.

* Institutionalization of in-house schemes (such as ICONs and KnowNet)  for 
identifying,  nurturing  and implementing innovative ideas  and  technology 
solutions.

*   Valuation,   adaptation  and/or  modification  of   imported   designs/ 
technologies  to  suit  indigenous  requirements,  alternative   materials/ 
components.

*  Parametric  studies  involving  theoretical  models  duly  validated  by 
experimental  studies at in-house laboratories and pilot plants as well  as 
feedback  and  operating data during commissioning of  various  plants  and 
machinery.

* Review of patents in relevant technology areas.

* Nomination of R&D engineers to external training programs, expert  groups 
and technical committees.

* Collaborative efforts with educational/research institutions for research 
projects.

* Use of state-of-the-art equipment, instrument and software.

* Analyzing feedback from users to improve processes and services.

* Development of Torpedo Launching mechanism.

* Development of Armoured Fighting Vehicle.

*  Development  of  remote welding technique for  repair  on  live  nuclear 
reactor vault.

*  Translation  of technologies and product concepts into  product  designs 
through   state-of-the-art  CAD/CAE  facilities  and  well  equipped   test 
laboratories.

* Adaptation of crushing technology for various applications at Kansbahal.

*  Indigenization of various components for Rubber Processing  Machines  by 
designing,  developing specifications and adapting to Indian conditions  at 
LTM.

* Increasing filtration capacity at Foundry Unit, Coimbatore through change 
of filters used in Casting process from Foam Filters to Hyper-cast filters.

*  Development  of Sulphur block coatings for moulds & cores  in  place  of 
Zircon based coatings at Foundry Unit, Coimbatore.

*  Development  of newer grades - SG 700/2 for Gear Box castings  and  Heat 
Resistant Steel (High Nickel-High Chrome Steel) for steel rolling mills  at 
Foundry Unit, Coimbatore.

*  Optimization  of melt mix and improvement in overall Yield  through  new 
spread  of  casting  grades  (SG,  Grey Iron  &  Steel)  at  Foundry  Unit, 
Coimbatore.

* Localization of machining vendors at Foundry Unit, Coimbatore.

*  Development  and tracking of future technologies  for  integration  with 
products.

* Development of multi-generation platform products.

*  Development  of  mechanization/welding  automation  on  shop  floor  for 
specific application.

* In discussions with Shell Projects for detailed engineering of Gasifier.

* Creation of intellectual property for the businesses.

2.  Benefits  derived  as  a result of the  above  efforts,  e.g.,  product 
improvement,  cost  reduction, product  development,  import  substitution, 
etc.:

*  Successful  performance simulation/optimization of  process  design  and 
engineering  for  various  Hydrocarbon  projects  (Refinery,  Oil  &   Gas, 
Fertilizer and Chemical plants).

*  Complete  in-house  support to business units  in  providing  Refractory 
solutions   (selection,  design,  engineering,  commissioning)  for   high-
temperature applications.

*  Energy conservation through optimal design, analysis and engineering  of 
heat exchange equipment and waste heat recovery systems for Process Plants.

*  Successful  selection  and characterization of  materials  for  critical 
applications   and   implementation  of   suitable   preservation/corrosion 
protection techniques to achieve longer life.

* Development of optimized design for Coal Pulverizers through  appropriate 
sizing,   material   selection  and  modification  of   indigenization   of 
manufacturing processes.

* Establishment of in-house capability for specialized engineering analyses 
(e.g.,  Modeling  &  Process  Simulation,  Computational  Fluid   Dynamics, 
Transient   Thermal  Analysis,  advanced  Stress  Analysis,   Vibration   & 
Acoustics,  Rotor  Dynamics,  Tribology etc.) in  order  to  achieve  self-
sufficiency and minimize dependence on external agencies.

*    Multi-disciplinary    technology   support   to    Projects    towards 
troubleshooting,  failure  analysis and plant commissioning,  in  order  to 
achieve  successful Project completion with respect to cost, time,  quality 
and HSE targets.

*  Widening  of  product range at Kansbahal to  meet  specific  application 
requirement for crushing.

* Manufacture of more safer and reliable products due to efforts of Product 
Development Centre, Coimbatore.

*   Acquisition   of  in-house  expertise  in  areas   such   as   material 
characterization,  advanced  corrosion control methods,  coating  and  wear 
protection  techniques  to assess and mitigate  material-related  risks  in 
Projects.

*   Contribution  towards  new  materials   development   (composites/nano-
materials)  to  effective  support  Projects  of  strategic  importance  in 
Defense, Nuclear and Aerospace applications.

*  Establishment/upgrade  of  state-of-the art  laboratory  facilities  for 
material characterization, chemical analysis, corrosion control,  vibration 
and  acoustics  studies,  experimental stress analysis etc.,  in  order  to 
provide  comprehensive  technology  support to  business  units.  This  has 
reduced the dependence on external agencies and enabled effective execution 
of projects.

* Indigenisation (import substitution) & development of products for Indian 
Defence and Space sector.

* Technology differentiation in products and offering of superior  features 
to customers.

* Improvement in turnaround time and reduction in logistics costs.

* Expansion of product range and export opportunities.

* Product improvement.

* Increase in know-how within the country.

3. Information regarding technology imported during the last 5 years:

S.
No.  Technology Imported	        Year of Import	  Status

a)   Manufacturing know-how of          2007	          Absorbed
     Cementing Unit

b)   Manufacture of control valves      2011-12	          Under absorption

c)   Crushing Technology	        On continuous basis at Kansbahal

[C] FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS AND OUTGO: 

Activities  relating  to exports, initiatives taken  to  increase  exports; 
development  of  new export markets for products and services;  and  export 
plans.

Overview:

The  Company  has  a diversified range of products. Each  division  of  the 
Company has dedicated cells for giving impetus to exports. The Company  has 
offices  abroad  and  agents in various countries  to  boost  exports.  The 
Company  is  intensifying efforts in selected countries and  exploring  new 
markets.  The Company regularly participates in  prestigious  international 
exhibitions  and  conducts market surveys and direct  mail  campaigns.  The 
Company has an international presence, with a global spread of offices  and 
joint  ventures with world leaders. Its large technology base and  pool  of 
experienced  personnel  enable  it to offer integrated  services  in  world 
markets.

Hydrocarbon IC:

Hydrocarbon  IC  has a two decades successful track record of  executing  a 
number of international turnkey large size & complex projects including  in 
GCC region where it has established a good presence.

During  financial  year 2012, few major projects have  been  received  from 
reputed   international  clients  which  reinforces  the  strong   presence 
Hydrocarbon  IC has and future potential in these regions.  Order  received 
from PDO for Gas processing facility, SADARA Chemical (a 50:50 JV of  Saudi 
Aramco & Dow Chemical Company) for process plant construction, ADMA OPCO  & 
PTTEP  for  well  head  platforms, GASCO  for  pipeline  project.  Moreover 
prequalification  obtained for upcoming large size projects from  important 
customers including ADCO, GASCO, ADMA OPCO, PDO, ORPIC, SAUDI ARAMCO,  KOC, 
KNPC.

As a part of Internationalisation initiatives key business development  and 
regional heads have been appointed in select important geographies such  as 
Australia,  Houston, London, Malaysia, Perth, Saudi Arabia  and  Singapore. 
Further  IC has entered into few alliances and collaborations with  reputed 
international players in the area of Subsea systems, FPSO/MOPU,  Refineries 
& Fertilisers, etc.

Going  forward  we  see substantial contribution  and  growth  coming  from 
international region in all the business segments of Hydrocarbon IC.

Heavy Engineering IC:

*  In  process of approval with Alstom, Toshiba, ENEL, Skoda  as  worldwide 
supplier for Power Plant Equipment.

*  Pursuing with Saudi Electric Company (SEC) for approval as  supplier  of 
Power Plant Equipment.

* Pursuing with Aker Solutions for Medicine Bow project in USA.

* In close interaction with Sasol for CTL Projects worldwide.

*  Exploit  the good performance of supplying Shell gasifiers in  China  to 
expand and acquire business of Shell gasification worldwide.

* Fertilizer projects are expected in gas rich region like Africa,  Brazil, 
Middle East, Azerbaizan, Argentina and China.

* New market opportunities are expected in KSA, Kazakasthan, US & China for 
our products.

*  China  emerges  as  the potential market  for  EO/EG  &  Methanol  plant 
equipment.

* Leverage L&T Forged shell for Ammonia Convertors, Reactors etc.

* Toyo qualification of OMAN works for Urea equipment.

*  Improving  reliability through the Competency  Centres  for  Technology, 
Design & Planning and Material & Logistics and implementation of Theory  of 
Constraint.

*  Penetration in US market in Nuclear business for the BWR technology  for 
Canister, and also awarded order for supply of Canister in PWR technology.

*  Expecting Nuclear business from Europe for CUSK and also ITER project  - 
France.

L&T  Heavy  Engineering  has been exploring  opportunities  for  export  of 
Defense, Nuclear Power & Aerospace equipment as well. Orders received  from 
Israeli  Aerospace Industries as key Offset Partner in the areas of  Weapon 
Systems,  Radars  and Aerospace. The Defense Business is  also  interacting 
with major international players in the defense industry for technology tie 
ups and indigenous manufacturing.

Construction IC:

The focus on GCC Countries occupies a predominant position for PT&D for its 
International Business. The year 2011-12 was an extremely challenging year. 
Inordinate  delay/deferment  of  projects by clients  affected  the  Sales. 
However, L&T`s Global Footprint coupled with project execution capabilities 
helped  the  IC in securing certain prestigious orders in  Qatar,  UAE  and 
Kuwait  in  the  Power Transmission and Distribution  Sector.  The  IC  has 
substantially improved its market share in Qatar.

Business Environment:

The  construction  industry  continues to witness  slowdown  and  was  very 
sluggish during the last financial year. In UAE, the Abu Dhabi  Government, 
despite  being  highly  liquid  and cash rich, is  very  cautious  in  it`s 
approach  and  the  same  is  evident  from  the  delay  in  placement   of 
Tender/Award of Contracts.

Business Performance:

The  IC  has secured one of the largest value tender in  PT&D  business  at 
Qatar  during  the year 2011-12. Expansion of Business into the  new  areas 
viz.  Bahrain, Kuwait has helped the Company to reach significantly  higher 
order inflow position.

Volatility in Commodity Prices:

Though  oil price was not seen with much oscillation, the  commodity  price 
had  lot of volatility, however the Operating Company protected its  margin 
by mitigating the risk through proper hedging.

Outlook:

The 2012-13 outlook for GCC countries remains positive despite the Eurozone 
crisis.  With oil prices expected to be around $100/barrel range  in  2012, 
GCC public finances will remain reassuringly strong. Due to Arab spring  in 
2011, Government will remain focused on their medium term development goals 
&  propel  the  growth  rate which will  pave  way  for  enhanced  business 
opportunities.

On the cost side, the various welfare measures announced by GCC Governments 
for  their  nationals,  including a steep hike in  their  salaries  pose  a 
challenge  to the Company in terms of inflation & pressures on  margin.  In 
addition,  recruitment & management of multinational staffs & workmen  will 
add to the challenges to the Company`s project team.

With the IC having firmly established in all GCC countries now, it has  set 
its  sight  to expand to African Countries & corner  a  significant  market 
share in GCC Market.

Electrical & Automation IC:

The overall economic activities, affected by factors such as increasing oil 
prices, inflation, higher interest rates and rise in input costs,  remained 
quite  slow. The dull Middle East markets in the middle-east added  to  the 
pressure on this business.

Tamco  Malaysia  (one  of the subsidiaries of the  Company)  qualified  for 
Achilles  (UK)  certification, made an entry into Philippines  and  Vietnam 
markets,  qualified in Kuwait and Iraq, received Petronas approval for  its 
MV  products and executed its first order for 31.5kA AIS at Lusail City  in 
Qatar.

The  switchboards and automation teams bagged an order of US $  22  million 
for  supply  of  switchboards  and  telecommunications  package   including 
transmission  network and CCTV monitoring for an inter  refinery  pipelines 
project in Abu Dhabi.

Future Outlook:

Some  of  our focused International markets have started showing  signs  of 
recovery. The outlook for TAMCO holds good promise. Besides Malaysia, there 
is  an  anticipation of boom in mining and offshore industries as  well  as 
capacity  addition in windmills in Western Australia, opportunities in  the 
infrastructure  sector  in  Qatar,  UAE  and  Malaysia.  The  Maaden  frame 
agreement  has facilitated recognition of the IC`s subsidiary  with  global 
EPC  majors  in  KSA where higher  government  spending  in  infrastructure 
segment is expected to yield significant business. For the IC`s  subsidiary 
in  UAE,  the Oil & Gas, Utility and Infrastructure  segments  are  showing 
signs  of  revival  across  Middle East,  Africa  and  CIS  countries  with 
significant investments announced over next 3-5 years. Having  strengthened 
its   position   in  Telecom  System  Integration,  it  expects   to   grow 
significantly in this area in addition to the areas in control,  electrical 
and instrumentation.

Electrical  & Automation (E&A) business is confident of higher growth  with 
the  Utility segment indicating increased activities alongwith  revival  in 
the Building segment in GCC region. Africa has become a destination of  new 
opportunities.  Prospects of turnkey automation projects are improving  and 
opportunities in the energy management segment should contribute to  better 
growth for automation products and solutions.

For   FY  2011-12,  E&A  filed  162  patents  applications,  16   trademark 
applications,  10  design  registrations and 9 Copyrights  as  well  as  10 
international  patent applications through PCT (Patent Cooperation  Treaty) 
making  it  the  5th  consecutive  year of  filing  more  than  100  patent 
applications.

Power IC:

Power  IC has identified export markets as key to growth for its  Gas-based 
Power  Plants  SBU.  This is driven by lack of  opportunities  in  domestic 
market  owing to sharp fall in Gas availability, which led the Ministry  of 
Power to advise Indian Power Producers not to plan any new Gas-based  Power 
project until 2015-16.

Power IC has identified GCC and South East Asia as the potential markets. A 
good  beginning is made in Bangladesh where the pre-qualification has  been 
achieved  successfully. Orders totaling approximately 1600 MW are  expected 
to be ordered out in 2012-13.

Negotiations are also in progress with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries  Limited 
to  order  components on the manufacturing Joint Ventures,  namely  L&T-MHI 
Boilers Private Limited and L&T-MHI Turbine Generators Private Limited.

Manufacturing  & Industrial Products IC (MIP IC): LTM BU  has  successfully 
supplied the proto type press to a major European Tyre Manufacturer and the 
press  is  under observation. On successful performance LTM will  be  in  a 
position  to  get orders for presses to their plants  worldwide.  LTM  also 
succeeded in obtaining an order for Automatic Truck Tyre Building  Machines 
from  another Major European Tyre Major, which opens a new  market  segment 
for  the unit. The Rubber Machinery business secured orders  in  Greenfield 
domestic projects and emerging economies like Brazil and Russia this  year. 
LTM  BU  also stands to benefit from the new business prospects  likely  to 
emerge  in  the  area of Internal Mixers and Twin Screw  Extruders  in  the 
coming year.

Valves  unit did good business on the back of sustained Oil &  Gas  project 
activity  in  the  Middle East, North Africa and  Australia.  The  targeted 
projects in international Oil & Gas were on schedule and enabled Valves  to 
end  the year with a healthy order booking. Extension of approval  for  new 
range  of  products including TMBV/TOBV were taken up with end  users  like 
Aramco, KOC, Adnoc etc. for their product requirements. Service support  at 
site  was strengthened with agreements signed with local modification  shop 
in  Qatar, Saudi Arabia & Abu Dhabi. Detailed plans to address  replacement 
market  business  are  being worked out with key  distributors.  All  these 
measures  are  expected to bring in international business  of  significant 
scale.

Exports opportunities of Crushing and Surface Mining equipment at Kansbahal 
were limited in 2011-12 due to subdued activities in cement industry in GCC 
region.  The future potential for export growth of products from  Kansbahal 
is  envisaged  in  African  countries.  The  efforts  are  being  made   in 
identifying  and  aligning with local partners for  further  promotion  and 
sales activities. Increased mining activity in neighbouring countries  like 
Nepal,  Bhutan  and Myanmar will also throw opportunities of sale  for  our 
equipment in coming year.

A few initiatives detailed:

The  following initiatives are being followed on a continuous basis by  the 
Company:

* Widening new geographical areas for augmenting its exports.

*   Exploring  inorganic  growth  opportunities  for  the  acquisition   of 
specialized engineering outfits abroad.

*  Membership  of  global  forums  like  Engineering  &  Construction  Risk 
Institute (ECRI) and participating in international seminars.

*  Implementation of internal processes towards operational excellence  and 
creating a lean high performance organization.

*   Knowledge   dissemination   through  various   platforms   within   the 
organization.

*  Bringing in high caliber resources in the areas of front-end  marketing, 
engineering, project management, risk management, contract  administration, 
etc., to strengthen the overseas operations.

*  Customized Talent Management programs for catering to the  training  and 
development needs of employees.

Total foreign exchange used and earned:

                                                                  Rs. crore
	
                                                   2011-2012	  2010-2011

Foreign Exchange earned	                            8,057.36	   5,878.81

Exchange saved/deemed exports	                    2,363.25	   1,941.85

Total	                                           10,420.61	   7,820.66

Foreign Exchange used	                           10,572.57	   9,767.54


ANNEXURE `B` TO THE DIRECTORS` REPORT

Information  required to be disclosed under SEBI (ESOS & ESPS)  Guidelines, 
1999 (I) Employee Stock Ownership Scheme-1999-2003:

A. PRE RESTRUCTURE:

                                                 ESOP SERIES
Particulars                      SAR-1999            2000            2002-A 
(1)                                   (2)             (3)               (4) 

(a) Options granted             10,66,000        39,48,800        37,81,100 
                                    Stock    Equity shares    Equity shares 
                             Appreciation 
                                   Rights 
                                   (SARs)

(b) The pricing           Grant price for      The average      The average 
formula                    the purpose of     market price     market price 
                             ascertaining     on the Stock     on the Stock 
                                      the        Exchange,        Exchange, 
                            appreciation:       Mumbai, on       Mumbai, on 
                               Average of      the date of      the date of 
                           daily High Low      grant i.e.,      grant i.e., 
                              Avarages of     June 1, 2000   April 19, 2002 
                           the Company`s-     Rs.184/- per    -Rs.172/- per 
                              share price           share.           share. 
                             on the Stock                                   
                                Exchange,                                   
                                  Mumbai,                                   
                               during the                              
                               year April
                               1998-March 
                                    1999.

                              This worked 
                          out to Rs.199/- 
                               per share.

(c) Options vested              10,60,750        38,64,050        20,67,250 

(d) Options exercised            2,66,500           52,415           12,750 

(e) Total number                 1,04,318           52,415           12,750 
of shares arising 
as a result of 
exercise of 
Options (Equity 
shares of Rs.10/- 
each)

(f) Options lapsed                  5,250         1,46,025         1,25,300 

(g) Variation of                      Nil              Nil              Nil 
terms of Options 

(h) Money realised 
by exercise of             Rs.10,43,180/-   Rs.96,44,360/-   Rs.21,93,000/- 
Options

(i) Total Number                 7,94,250        37,50,360        36,43,050 
in force                             SARs

(j) Employee-wise 
details of Options 
granted to:-

i) Senior Managerial
Personnel:

Mr. A.M. Naik                    1,25,000         2,00,000         2,00,000 
Mr. K. Venkataramanan              60,000         1,00,000         1,00,000 
Mr. V.K. Magapu                    20,000           35,000           35,000 
Mr. M.V. Kotwal                    16,500           27,000           27,000 
Mr. S.N. Subrahmanyan                   -            5,400            4,800 
Mr. R. Shankar Raman                    -            5,000           13,000 
Mr. Y.M. Deosthalee                60,000         1,00,000         1,00,000 
Mr. K.V. Rangaswami                16,000           25,000           25,000 
Mr. J.P. Nayak                     60,000         1,00,000         1,00,000 
Mr. R.N. Mukhija                   30,000           60,000           85,000 
Mr. A. Ramakrishna                 80,000         1,25,000         1,25,000 
Mr. P.M. Mehta                     30,000           60,000           85,000 
Mr. M. Karnani                     40,000           42,000                - 
                                 5,37,500         8,84,400         8,99,800 

ii) Any other                        None             None             None 
employee                 
who receives 
a grant, in any 
one year, of 
Options amounting 
to 5% or more of 
Options granted 
during that year

iii) Identified                      None             None             None
employees who            
were granted 
Options, during 
any one year, 
equal to or 
exceeding 1% of 
the issued capital 
(excluding 
outstanding 
warrants and 
conversions) of 
the Company at 
the time of 
grant.

                                                     ESOP SERIES
Particulars                        2002-B          2003-A            2003-B
(1)                                   (5)             (6)               (7)

(a) Options granted             37,81,660        67,51,000        57,42,500
                            Equity shares    Equity shares    Equity shares 
                             Appreciation 
                                   Rights 
                                   (SARs)

(b) The pricing               The average      The average      The average
formula                      market price       of the two       of the two
                             on the Stock       weeks high       weeks high
                                Exchange,   and low prices   and low prices
                               Mumbai, on    of the shares    of the shares
                              the date of     on the Stock     on the Stock
                              grant i.e.,  April Exchange,        Exchange,
                           April 19, 2002          Mumbai,          Mumbai,
                            -Rs.172/- per    preceding the    preceding the
                                   share.    date of grant    date of grant
                                             i.e., May 23,    i.e., May 23,
                                             2003-Rs.206/-    2003-Rs.206/-
                                                per share.       per share.
                                  
(c) Options vested              20,19,830              Nil              Nil

(d) Options exercised               6,250              Nil              Nil

(e) Total number                    6,250              Nil              Nil
of shares arising 
as a result of 
exercise of 
Options (Equity 
shares of Rs.10/- 
each)

(f) Options lapsed               1,07,375              Nil              Nil

(g) Variation of                      Nil              Nil              Nil
terms of Options 

(h) Money realised 
by exercise of             Rs.10,75,000/-              Nil              Nil 

Options

(i) Total Number                36,68,035        67,51,000        57,42,500 
in force                  

(j) Employee-wise 
details of Options 
granted to:-

i) Senior Managerial
Personnel:

Mr. A.M. Naik                    2,00,000         2,00,000         2,00,000
Mr. K. Venkataramanan            1,20,000         1,20,000         1,20,000
Mr. V.K. Magapu                    40,000           22,500           22,500
Mr. M.V. Kotwal                    30,000           17,500           17,500
Mr. S.N. Subrahmanyan               3,400            3,250            3,250
Mr. R. Shankar Raman               14,000           12,500           12,500
Mr. Y.M. Deosthalee              1,20,000         1,20,000         1,20,000
Mr. K.V. Rangaswami                27,000           17,500           17,500
Mr. J.P. Nayak                   1,20,000         1,20,000         1,20,000
Mr. R.N. Mukhija                   80,000           85,000           85,000
Mr. A. Ramakrishna                 90,000           60,000                -
Mr. P.M. Mehta                     40,000                -                -
Mr. M. Karnani                          -                -                -
                                 8,84,400         7,78,250         7,18,250

ii) Any other                        None             None             None
employee                 
who receives 
a grant, in any 
one year, of 
Options amounting 
to 5% or more of 
Options granted 
during that year

iii) Identified                      None             None             None
employees who            
were granted 
Options, during 
any one year, 
equal to or 
exceeding 1% of 
the issued capital 
(excluding 
outstanding 
warrants and 
conversions) of 
the Company at 
the time of 
grant.

Consequent  to the demerger (sanctioned by the High Court of Judicature  at 
Bombay  on  April  22,  2004)  of  Cement  Business  of  the  Company   and 
restructuring of the share capital the outstanding SARs were converted into 
equivalent  number of Options and the total number of Options in  force  as 
above  were  readjusted in proportion to the  restructured  equity  capital 
i.e., one Option for an equity share of the face value of Rs.2/- for  every 
two  Options and repriced at Rs.14/- per Option in respect of  ESOP  Series 
1999,  2000,  2002-A  & 2002-B and Rs.70/- per Option in  respect  of  ESOP 
Series 2003-A & 2003-B.

B. POST RESTRUCTURE (PRE BONUS ISSUE-2006):

                                                   ESOP SERIES

Particulars                          1999             2000           2002-A
(1)                                   (2)              (3)              (4)

(a) (1) Options granted          3,97,125        18,75,180        18,21,525
(outstanding and adjusted 
consequent to 
restructuring of 
share capital)

(2) Options granted 
during:

(a) 2005-2006                                                      6,02,670

(b) 1.4.2006 to 
29.9.2006                                                            56,460   

(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)                                                     35,30,380

(b) The pricing formula

(Adjusted grant price                              Rs. 14/-              
per share)

(c) Options vested               3,97,125        18,75,180        10,22,050  
(adjusted on 
restructure)

Add: vested post 
restructure                             -                -         7,90,312  

(d) Options 
exercised                        3,97,121        18,65,367        18,03,824  

(e) Total number 
of shares                        3,97,121        18,65,367        18,03,824  
arising as a 
result of exercise
of Options 
(Equity shares 
of Rs.2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed                      4            5,613           12,326  
and/or withdrawn

(g) Variation of 
terms of Options                      Nil              Nil              Nil  

(h) Money realised 
by exercise                Rs.55,59,694/- Rs.2,61,15,138/- Rs.2,52,53,536/-  
of Options

(i) Total Number 
of Options in 
force-

Vested Nil                          4,200            5,375           14,925  
Unvested                              Nil              Nil              Nil  
Total                                 Nil             4200             5375  

Employee-Wise 
datails of                           Please refer to part A(j) 
Options granted 

Options granted 
to Senior 
Managerial 
Personnel post 
Restructure Pre 
Bonus Issue 
2006:

Mr. Shailendra                          -                -                -  
Roy                 


                                                     ESOP SERIES
Particulars                        2002-B          2003-A            2003-B
(1)                                   (5)             (6)               (7)

(a) (1) Options granted         18,34,018       33,75,500         28,71,250
(outstanding and adjusted 
consequent to 
restructuring of 
share capital)

(2) Options granted 
during:

(a) 2005-2006              

(b) 1.4.2006 to 
29.9.2006                     

(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)              

(b) The pricing formula
(Adjusted grant price                                     Rs. 70/- 
per share)

(c) Options vested              10,02,003             Nil               Nil
(adjusted on 
restructure)

Add: vested post 
restructure                      8,20,708       20,51,220         19,32,585

(d) Options 
exercised                       18,04,510       20,33,343         19,14,964

(e) Total number 
of shares                       18,04,510       20,33,343         19,14,964 
arising as a 
result of exercise
of Options 
(Equity shares 
of Rs.2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed                 14,583        6,94,997          3,23,009 
and/or withdrawn

(g) Variation of 
terms of Options                      Nil             Nil               Nil

(h) Money realised 
by exercise                Rs.2,52,63,140 Rs.14,23,34,010   Rs.13,40,47,480
of Options

(i) Total Number 
of Options in 
force-

Vested                             14,925          17,389            17,135

Unvested                              Nil        6,29,771         12,75,272

Total                              14,925        6,47,160         12,92,407

Employee-Wise 
datails of                              Please refer to part A(j) 
Options granted 

Options granted 
to Senior 
Managerial 
Personnel post 
Restructure Pre 
Bonus Issue 
2006:

Mr. Shailendra                          -               -            10,000
Roy                 

Consequent  to  the issue of Bonus Shares the total number  of  Options  in 
force  as above as at the record date for Bonus Issue i.e.,  September  29, 
2006  was  readjusted in number in the ratio of Bonus Issue (1:1)  and  the 
above  exercise price of Rs.14/- and Rs.70/- was readjusted to  Rs.7/-  and 
Rs.35/- respectively.

C. POST RESTRUCTURE (POST BONUS ISSUE 2006 - PRE BONUS ISSUE 2008):

                                                    ESOP SERIES

Particulars                              1999           2000         2002-A
    (1)                                   (2)            (3)            (4)

(a) (1) Options granted                   Nil          8,400         10,750
(outstanding and adjusted 
consequent to Bonus Issue)

(2) Options granted post 
Bonus Issue    
(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)                        

(b) The pricing formula                               Rs. 7/-   
(Adjusted grant price per                             
share)                      

(c) Options vested                        Nil          8,400         10,750
(adjusted on Bonus Issue)

Add: vested post Bonus                      -              -              -
Issue                    

Total                                     Nil          8,400         10,750


(d) Options exercised                     Nil            Nil            Nil

(e) Total number of shares 
arising as a                              Nil            Nil            Nil 
result of exercise of 
Options* (Equity shares 
of Rs. 2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed                        Nil            Nil            Nil

(g) Variation of terms                    Nil            Nil            Nil
of Options                                

(h) Money realised by exercise 
of Options (Rs.)                          Nil            Nil            Nil 

(i) Total Number of 
Options in force -

Vested                                    Nil          8,400         10,750

Unvested                                  Nil            Nil            Nil

Total                                     Nil          8,400         10,750

(j) Employee-wise details 
of Options granted                Please refer to Part A (j) and Part B (j)

Options granted to Senior 
Managerial Personnel post 
Bonus Issue 2006 
(Pre Bonus Issue 2008):

Mr. S.N. Subrahmanyan                       -              -              - 

Mr. R. Shankar Raman                        -              -              -

Mr. Shailendra Roy                          -              -              -  

                                                                     22,500

*  During  the year 2007-08 50,000 shares were allocated to  employees  who 
exercised 7,000 Options under 2003-A Series and 43,000 Options under 2003-B 
Series from the shares returned by former Directors in accordance with  the 
consent  terms  approved by the Hon`ble High Court of Bombay  on  June  14, 
2007.

Consequent to the issue of Bonus Shares 2008 the total number of Options in 
force as above as at the record date for Bonus Issue i.e., October 3,  2008 
was  readjusted in number in the ratio of Bonus Issue (1:1) and  the  above 
exercise  price  of  Rs. 7/- and Rs. 35/- was readjusted to  Rs.  3.50  and 
Rs.17.50 respectively.

                                                    ESOP SERIES

Particulars                            2002-B         2003-A         2003-B
    (1)                                   (5)            (6)            (7)

(a) (1) Options granted                29,850       12,94320      25,84,814
(outstanding and adjusted 
consequent to Bonus Issue)

(2) Options granted post 
Bonus Issue                                                        7,18,430
(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)                        
                                                                  33,03,244

(b) The pricing formula               Rs. 7/-                Rs. 35/-
(Adjusted grant price per                             
share)                      

(c) Options vested                     29,850         34,778         34,270
(adjusted on Bonus Issue)

Add: vested post Bonus                      -      12,35,430      19,90,863
Issue                    

Total                                  29,850      12,70,208      20,25,133

(d) Options exercised                     Nil      12,52,754      19,38,270

(e) Total number of shares 
arising as a                           10,000      12,45,754      18,95,270
result of exercise of 
Options* (Equity shares 
of Rs. 2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed                        Nil         25,840       2,12,861

(g) Variation of terms                    
of Options                                Nil            Nil            Nil

(h) Money realised by exercise 
of Options (Rs.)                     70,000/-  4,36,01,390/-  6,63,34,450/-

(i) Total Number of 
Options in force -

Vested                                 19,850         15,726         81,963

Unvested                                  Nil            Nil      10,70,150

Total                                  19,850         15,726      11,52,113

(j) Employee-wise details 
of Options granted                Please refer to Part A (j) and Part B (j)

Options granted to Senior 
Managerial Personnel post 
Bonus Issue 2006 
(Pre Bonus Issue 2008):

Mr. S.N. Subrahmanyan                       -              -          7,000

Mr. R. Shankar Raman                        -              -          9,000 

Mr. Shailendra Roy                          -              -          6,500

                                                                     22,500

*  During  the year 2007-08 50,000 shares were allocated to  employees  who 
exercised 7,000 Options under 2003-A Series and 43,000 Options under 2003-B 
Series from the shares returned by former Directors in accordance with  the 
consent  terms  approved by the Hon`ble High Court of Bombay  on  June  14, 
2007.

Consequent to the issue of Bonus Shares 2008 the total number of Options in 
force as above as at the record date for Bonus Issue i.e., October 3,  2008 
was  readjusted in number in the ratio of Bonus Issue (1:1) and  the  above 
exercise  price  of  Rs. 7/- and Rs. 35/- was readjusted to  Rs.  3.50  and 
Rs.17.50 respectively.

D. POST RESTRUCTURE (POST BONUS ISSUE 2008):

                                                    ESOP SERIES

Particulars                              1999           2000         2002-A
    (1)                                   (2)            (3)            (4)

(a) (1)  Options granted 
(outstanding and                          Nil         16,800         21,500
adjusted consequent to Bonus
Issue)

(2) Options granted 
post Bonus Issue                                                   
(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)  

(b) The pricing formula                                Rs. 3.50     
(Adjusted grant price per 
share)     

(c) Options vested                        Nil         16,800         21,500
(adjusted on Bonus Issue)

Add: vested post Bonus Issue                -              -              -

Total                                     Nil         16,800         21,500

(d) Options exercised                     Nil            Nil            Nil

(e) Total number of 
shares arising as a                       Nil            Nil            Nil
result of exercise 
of Options (Equity
shares of Rs. 2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed                        Nil            Nil            Nil

(g) Variation of terms 
of Options                                Nil            Nil            Nil

(h) Money realised by 
exercise of Options (Rs.)                 Nil            Nil            Nil

(i) Total Number of 
Options in force -

Vested                                    Nil         16,800         21,500

Unvested                                  Nil            Nil            Nil

Total                                     Nil         16,800         21,500

(j) Employee-wise details 
of Options                           Please refer to Part A (j), Part B (j)
                                               and Part C (j)

Options granted to Senior 
Managerial Personnel post 
Bonus Issue 2008:

Mr. Ravi Uppal                              -              -              -

                                                    ESOP SERIES

Particulars                            2002-B         2003-A         2003-B
    (1)                                   (5)            (6)            (7)

(a) (1)  Options granted 
(outstanding and                       39,700         31,452      23,04,226
adjusted consequent to Bonus
Issue)

(2) Options granted 
post Bonus Issue                                                   7,13,200
(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)  

                                                                  30,17,426

(b) The pricing formula              Rs. 3.50               Rs. 17.50 
(Adjusted grant price per 
share)     

(c) Options vested                     39,700         31,452       1,63,926

(adjusted on Bonus Issue)

Add: vested post Bonus Issue                -              -      21,35,207

Total                                  39,700         31,452      22,99,133

(d) Options exercised                     Nil            Nil      21,77,629

(e) Total number of 
shares arising as a                       Nil            Nil      21,77,629
result of exercise 
of Options (Equity
shares of Rs. 2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed                        Nil            Nil       1,92,495

(g) Variation of terms 
of Options                                Nil            Nil            Nil

(h) Money realised by 
exercise of Options (Rs.)                 Nil            Nil 3,81,08,507.50

(i) Total Number of 
Options in force -

Vested                                 39,700         31,452       1,04,202

Unvested                                  Nil            Nil       5,43,100

Total                                  39,700         31,452       6,47,302

(j) Employee-wise details 
of Options                           Please refer to Part A (j), Part B (j)
                                               and Part C (j)

Options granted to Senior 
Managerial Personnel post 
Bonus Issue 2008:

Mr. Ravi Uppal                              -              -         20,000

Information  required to be disclosed under SEBI (ESOS & ESPS)  Guidelines, 
1999 

(II) Employee Stock Option Scheme - 2006

A. PRE BONUS ISSUE 2008

                                       ESOP SERIES

Particulars                   2006                     2006-A
(1)                           (2)                      (3) 

(a) (1) Options granted       53,35,750                -
(Pre Bonus Issue) 

Options Outstanding and 
adjusted consequent           1,06,71,500              - 
to Bonus Issue#

(2) Options granted Post 
Bonus Issue                   6,94,270                 29,06,240 
(Equity shares of 
Rs.2/- each)

(b) The pricing formula       The latest available     The latest available
                              closing price on         closing price on 
                              National Stock           National Stock  
                              Exchange of India        Exchange of India 
                              Limited on August        Limited on June 29,  
                              31, 2006, preceding      2007, preceding the 
                              the date of initial      date of grant i.e., 
                              grant i.e., September    July 1, 2007  - 
                              1, 2006 - Rs.2,404/-     Rs. 2,198/- per 
                              per share.               share (Discounted 
                                                       grant price per 
                                                       share - Rs.1,202/-).

#  Consequent to the issue of Bonus Shares the total number of  Options  in 
force  as at the record date for Bonus Issue i.e., September 29,  2006  was 
readjusted  in number in the ratio of Bonus Issue (1:1)  i.e.,  1,06,71,500 
Equity Shares and the above exercise price of Rs. 2,404/- was readjusted to 
Rs. 1,202/-.

(c) Options vested            20,13,200                40,524

(d) Options exercised         12,80,677                25,034

(e) Total number of           12,80,677                25,034 

shares arising as a 
result of exercise of 
Options (Equity shares 
of Rs. 2/- each)

(f) Options lapsed 
and/or withdrawn              32,72,955                1,80,428

(g) Variation of terms 
of Options                    Nil                      Nil

(h) Money realised by 
exercise of Options           Rs. 153,93,73,754        Rs. 3,00,90,868

(i) Total Number of 
Options in force -

Vested                        6,97,138                 14,844

Unvested                      61,15,000                26,85,934

Total                         68,12,138                27,00,778 

(j) Employee-wise details 
of Options granted to -

i) Senior Managerial 
Personnel                                    None      

ii) Any other employee who 
receives a grant, in any 
one year, of Options 
amounting to 5% or more 
of Options granted during 
that year                                    None 

iii) Identified employees 
who were granted Options, 
during any one year, equal 
to or exceeding 1% of the 
issued capital (excluding 
outstanding warrants and 
conversions) of the Company 
at the time of grant                         None 

Consequent to the issue of Bonus Shares 2008 the total number of Options in 
force as above as at the record date for Bonus Issue i.e., October 3,  2008 
was  readjusted in number in the ratio of Bonus Issue (1:1) and  the  above 
exercise price of Rs. 1202/- was readjusted to Rs. 601/-.

B. POST BONUS ISSUE 2008:

                                             ESOP SERIES

Particulars                   2006                     2006-A
(1)                           (2)                      (3)

(a) (1) Options granted 
(outstanding and adjusted     1,36,24,276              54,01,556
consequent to Bonus Issue)

(2) Options granted Post 
Bonus Issue                   Nil                      85,82,980

(Equity shares of 
Rs. 2/- each)                 1,36,24,276              1,39,84,536

(b) The pricing formula                      Rs. 601/-
(Adjusted grant price 
per share)

(c) Options vested            13,94,276                29,688 
(Adjusted on Bonus Issue)

Add: Vested post Bonus 
Issue                         1,17,81,255              50,31,790

Total                         1,31,75,531              50,61,478

(d) Options exercised         1,06,81,677              30,68,800

(e) Total number of 
shares arising as a 
result of exercise            1,06,81,677              30,68,800 
of Options (Equity 
shares of Rs. 2/- 
each)

(f) Options lapsed 
and/or withdrawn              9,15,848                 22,70,387

(g) Variation of terms 
of Options                    Nil                      Nil

(h) Money realised by 
exercise of Options           Rs. 641,96,87,877        Rs. 184,43,48,800

(i) Total Number of 
Options in force -

Vested                        20,11,951                17,51,546

Unvested                      14,800                   68,93,803

Total                         20,26,751                86,45,349

(j) Employee-wise details 
of Options granted to -

i) Senior Managerial 
Personnel                                    None

ii) Any other employee 
who receives a grant, in 
any one year, of Options 
amounting to 5% or more
of Options granted 
during that year                             None 

iii) Identified employees 
who were granted Options, 
during any one year, equal 
to or exceeding 1% of the 
issued capital (excluding 
outstanding warrants and 
conversions) of the 
Company at the time of 
grant                                        None 

Employee Stock Ownership Scheme -1999-2003 and Employee Stock Option Scheme 
2006 

(k) Diluted Earning per Share      a. Diluted EPS before extraordinary 
(EPS) pursuant to issue of         items Rs. 72.23
shares on exercise of Options 
calculated in accordance with      b. Diluted EPS after extraordinary 
Accounting                         items Rs. 72 23  
Standards (AS) 20 

(l) The difference between         Had fair value method been adopted for 
employee compensation cost         expensing the compensation arising from 
using intrinsic value method       employee share-based payment plans: 
and the fair value of the 
Options and impact of this         a. The employee compensation charge 
difference on profits and          debited to the Statement of Profit and 
on EPS.                            Loss for the year 2011-2012 would have 
                                   been higher by Rs. 25.99 crore 
                                   (previous year: Rs. 43.85 crore) 
                                   [excluding Rs. 4.79 crore (previous 
                                   year: Rs. 3.31 crore) on account of 
                                   grants to employees of subsidiary 
                                   companies]

                                   b. Basic EPS before extraordinary items 
                                   would have decreased from Rs. 72.92 per 
                                   share to Rs. 72.50 per share

                                   c. Basic EPS after extraordinary items 
                                   would have decreased from Rs. 72.92 per 
                                   share to Rs. 72.50 per share

                                   d. Diluted EPS before extraordinary 
                                   items would have decreased from 
                                   Rs. 72.23 per share to Rs. 71.81 per 
                                   share

                                   e. Diluted EPS after extraordinary items 
                                   would have decreased from Rs. 72.23 per 
                                   share to Rs. 71.81 per share 

(m)(i) (a) Weighted average        Rs. 566.22 per share 
exercise prices of Options 
granted during the year where 
exercise price is less than 
market price.

(b) Weighted average exercise      No such grants during the year 
prices of Options granted 
during the year where exercise 
price equals market price.

m(ii) (a) Weighted average 
fair values of Options granted 
during option the year where 
exercise price is less than 
market price.                      Rs. 745.94 per 

(b) Weighted average fair 
values of Options granted 
during the year where 
exercise price equals 
market price.                      No such grants during the year 

(n) Method and significant 
assumptions used to estimate 
the fair value of Options 
granted during the year.

(a) Method                         Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model 

(b) Significant Assumptions

(i) Weighted average risk-free 
interest rate                      8.28%

(ii) Weighted average expected 
life of Options                    4.33 years 

(iii) Weighted average 
expected volatility                41.09% 

(iv) Weighted average expected 
dividends                          Rs. 62.84 per option

(v) Weighted average market 
price                              Rs. 1146.53 per share

AUDITORS` CERTIFICATE ON EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION SCHEMES

We have examined the books of account and other relevant records and  based 
on  the  information  and explanations given to us,  certify  that  in  our 
opinion, the Company has implemented the Employees Stock Option Schemes  in 
accordance  with  SEBI (Employee Stock Option Schemes  and  Employee  Stock 
option Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the resolutions of the Company 
in general meetings held on 26 August, 1999, 22 August, 2003 and 25 August, 
2006.

SHARP & TANNAN 
Chartered Accountants 
ICAI registration no. 109982W 
by the hand of

R.D. KARE 
Partner
Membership No. 8820

Place: Mumbai
Date : 14 May, 2012.

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Global Economic Condition:

The  world  economy continues to face challenges on the road  to  sustained 
recovery. Advanced Economies that seemed to be shaping well at the start of 
2011  lost  steam towards the fag-end of the year and this  uncertainty  is 
clouding  the prospects for global growth during 2012. The growth  momentum 
was  impacted  as the protracted debt crisis in the euro  area  and  fiscal 
fragilities dampened business and consumer confidence.

The  economic  crisis and its ramifications have accelerated the  shift  of 
economic  power  from the developed to the emerging nations and  exposed  a 
fragile  world  with  limited capacity to respond to  systemic  risks.  The 
consequence  has been volatile and low growth which is likely to  stay  for 
sometime to come.

Near term, the growth prospects for 2012-2013 remain uncertain, with growth 
petering out in the euro area and moderating in the emerging markets, while 
a  better-than-expected  recovery  is shaping up in the  US.  The  baseline 
scenario suggests that global growth may continue to be low in 2012, with a 
recession  in  the  euro area as the region makes the  much  needed  fiscal 
adjustment.  Meanwhile,  the  resource rich Middle East  and  North  Africa 
(MENA)   region  has  been  facing  significant  internal  challenges   and 
geopolitical  risks.  In  addition, there is the risk  of  large  potential 
spillovers to the region from Europe.

The  year  2011-201 2 was abetted by the continuing global  volatility  and 
challenges.  These  uncertainties  led  to  widespread  risk  aversion  and 
adversely  affected  capital  flows to new projects.  The  competition  for 
limited   opportunities,  led  to  socio-political   tensions,   increasing 
protectionism, reassessment of regulation and more importantly,  heightened 
competition for scarce natural resources.

Overview of Indian Economy:

After  a rebound in growth in 2010-2011, the Indian economy slowed down  to 
6.5%  in fiscal 2011-2012. This was the lowest annual growth in the last  9 
years and was sub-par in comparison to not just the pre-crisis years up  to 
2008 but also compared to immediate post crisis period.

With  increasing  global integration, the Indian economy  was  impacted  by 
global  uncertainties,  while at the same time faced  significant  domestic 
challenges of persistent and high inflation, tight monetary conditions, low 
investment and delays in policy making.

The slowdown in 2011-12 was seen in all the major sectors of the economy as 
compared with the previous year. The Services sector grew by 8.9%, Industry 
by  3.4%  and  Agriculture  by 2.8% as compared  with  9.3%,  7.2%  and  7% 
respectively  in  2010-2011.  Industrial growth  remained  subdued  due  to 
supply-side bottlenecks, particularly in the mining sector, and  moderation 
in investment demand. The most dismal picture has been presented by capital 
goods  segment  which has been in a negative territory during  the  fiscal. 
Significantly,  slowdown was witnessed in capacity addition as  defined  by 
capital  formation which decelerated to 5.5% in 2011-2012 as  against  7.5% 
achieved in 2010-2011.

Business scenario:

Core  sectors in the country which are of key importance to the  businesses 
of  the  Company,  in  particular,  Power,  Transportation  Infrastructure, 
Hydrocarbon,  Fertiliser, Defence, faced multiple challenges due to  policy 
delays.  Consequently  the  commitments on capital  expenditure  and  fresh 
investments were deferred, impacting the growth in the order inflow of  the 
Company during 2011-2012.

Delays in obtaining various clearances and approvals staggered progress  on 
a  few  ongoing projects in power, power transmission, roads  and  railways 
segment.  Product businesses of the Company witnessed  sluggish  industrial 
demand and recorded moderate sales during 2011-2012.

Despite  the  prevailing economic uncertainties, the year  2012-2013  holds 
prospects of gradual build-up in the growth momentum of the Indian economy. 
Infrastructure  development assumes prominence in the  Government`s  budget 
proposals  for  the  year 2012-2013. Apart from  Power  and  Transportation 
Infrastructure, the emphasis will be on strengthening certain other sectors 
such  as  Fertiliser,  Oil & Gas Pipelines, Irrigation,  and  Rural  Market 
Network  with increase in the budgeted allocation of resources for  funding 
growth in these sectors.

In the long-term, India continues to offer considerable opportunities aided 
by  its  favourable  demographic profile. Its  large  consumer  market  has 
attracted   global   companies,  many  of  whom  have  made   India   their 
manufacturing hub. However, in order to harness this potential and  achieve 
sustainable growth, the country needs to push forward critical reforms  and 
build innovative public-private partnerships to deliver rapid and inclusive 
growth   as   also   provide  an   enabling   environment   for   upgrading 
infrastructure.

Besides  policy reforms, better governance, delivery systems  and  stronger 
implementation, the leaders from the government, industry and society  need 
to  collaborate  to  improve the education system, invest  in  much  needed 
infrastructure,  increase  the  agricultural  productivity  and  ensure  an 
equitable  distribution  of opportunities for achieving  an  inclusive  and 
sustainable growth.

With some signs of stability returning in the MENA region and crude  prices 
sustaining at remunerative levels, infrastructure development and  capacity 
expansion  in Oil & Gas sector is expected to attract fresh investments  in 
the Middle East which augur well for the businesses of the Company.

Business Challenges:

Order  prospects  of  the Company especially  from  Power,  Infrastructure, 
Defence,  Fertiliser, Water and Railways in India largely depend  upon  the 
policy direction and availability of resources to finance large projects.In 
spite  of  large  demand for power, projects for setting up  of  new  power 
plants  are not gaining momentum due to fuel shortage, delays in  obtaining 
environmental  clearances,  issues  associated with  land  acquisition  and 
competition from Chinese equipment manufacturers. Political stability, good 
governance and speedy decision making hold the key for achieving growth  in 
the order inflow.

The businesses of the Company are also focusing on harnessing international 
prospects, mainly from the Middle East region in 2012-2013. The forays into 
international markets would mean dealing with many challenges such as stiff 
competition  from multinational players, regulatory requirements  of  local 
sourcing etc.

Margins  would  remain under pressure during  2012-2013  with  inflationary 
conditions  and  continuing  competition from  domestic  and  international 
players.  The volatility in commodity prices and foreign currency  exchange 
rates are expected to pose challenges to the operating margins.  Conditions 
of  tight liquidity and elevated interest rates are expected to prevail  in 
2012-2013.  The  working capital levels unless managed well are  likely  to 
trend higher.

Growth Strategies and Thrust Areas:

Improved execution efficiencies, cost competitiveness, better supply  chain 
management,   control  over  working  capital,  efficient  utilization   of 
resources,  smart bidding strategies, better product and service  offerings 
will  enable  the businesses to achieve the desired targets in  the  medium 
term. The major growth strategies of the Company include:

* Thrust to International Business:

While  strengthening  its domestic presence, the  Company  is  accelerating 
forays into the international markets, particularly in the Middle East. The 
prospects in the new geographies such as Australia, parts of Africa and CIS 
countries  are also being explored. Building an international  organisation 
for  business  development  and  execution is  a  major  thrust  area.  The 
businesses are focusing on tie-ups/pre-qualification alliances for securing 
large value international orders.

* Strengthening Execution and Operational efficiency:

The businesses have taken steps for focused cost reduction and productivity 
improvement to enhance their competitive positioning. These steps will also 
enable  deployment  of  innovative pricing strategies  for  achievement  of 
targeted business inflow for both projects as well as product businesses of 
the Company.

Efficient  project monitoring and improved contract management  remain  the 
key  thrust areas for management of large sized, long cycle EPC jobs  under 
execution.  The  businesses  are concentrating on  superior  execution  and 
enhanced delivery capability for achieving targeted sales and profitability 
in 2012-2013.

* Capacity augmentation and productivity gains:

With  an eye on capacity augmentation, the Company has undertaken in  2011-
2012 capital expenditure mainly to acquire various plant and equipment  for 
the businesses in Engineering and Construction segment and for expansion of 
the  Modular Fabrication Yard at Kattupalli, Tamilnadu.  The  manufacturing 
facilities  at Vadodara and Ahmednagar for the Electrical  and  Electronics 
business  segment  are  being  augmented  to  reap  benefits  of  low  cost 
locations.

The  Company  has  made significant investments in the past  few  years  in 
expanding  the  fabrication  & manufacturing  facilities  for  its  various 
businesses. While these new capacities will enhance the competitive edge of 
the  Company,  the returns on these investments are expected  only  over  a 
longer term. The businesses are focusing on increasing capacity utilization 
and   enhancing  productivity  in  order  to  improve  returns   on   these 
investments.

* New Business Structure and Strategic Plan:

The Independent Companies (ICs) structure has been institutionalized in L&T 
Group  for  empowering businesses for scaling up  performance.  A  mid-term 
review  of  the Strategic Plan 2015 was carried out  and  requisite  course 
corrections have been incorporated in the newly adopted Lakshya 2016  plan. 
With  improved  organizational  structure  and  strategic  direction,   the 
businesses are enabled to harness opportunities and tackle challenges.  The 
Strategic  Plan  will  aid  the Company to  take  initiatives  for  growing 
remunerative  businesses.The Strategic Plan is also expected to  facilitate 
organizational  and  business portfolio restructuring for  increased  value 
creation in the medium term.

* Human Resource Development:

Talent  management, leadership development and succession planning are  the 
major focus areas for the Company. The individual business units have  been 
focusing on acquiring and retaining the talent with requisite competencies. 
Specific  high  impact  programmes  are  being  conducted  for   leadership 
development.  The  Company  has invested in  setting  up  various  in-house 
training  and  development  centers. L&T-Project  Management  Institute  in 
Baroda  is  accredited by PMI of USA. The Company runs  Construction  Skill 
Training  Institutes  (CSTI)  in association with  the  Ministry  of  Rural 
Development,  GOI and some of the State Governments at 7  locations  across 
India  for imparting vocational training to rural youth on skills  such  as 
masonry, carpentry, plumbing etc.

With identified key strategic initiatives, large order book and the  proven 
track record, the Company is well positioned to chart out its course on the 
growth  trajectory and create value for all its stakeholders in the  medium 
term.  It  is  in  this background that the  Company`s  ICs,  Subsidiary  & 
Associate Companies present their operations review for the year  2011-2012 
as under:

Hydrocarbon IC Delivers:  

Overview:

Hydrocarbon  IC  delivers  design-to-build world  class  solutions  in  the 
Engineering  & Construction space for Oil & Gas sector. In-house  expertise 
and experience, synergized with strategic partnerships enable it to deliver 
a  singlepoint solution for every phase of project - from front end  design 
through   engineering,   fabrication,  project   management,   procurement, 
construction and installation right up to commissioning.

The  key  aspects  of  business  philosophy  are  on-time  delivery,   cost 
competitiveness, high quality standards with focus on best in class Healthy 
Safety Environment and IT security practices. Integrated strengths  coupled 
with  experienced  and highly skilled work force, are the key  enablers  in 
delivering  critical and complex projects in India and in  select  overseas 
countries.

Major  capabilities of the IC include in-house engineering, R & D  centers, 
engineering  joint ventures with reputed international companies,  offshore 
installation     capabilities,    world    class    modular     fabrication 
facilities,experienced  &  competent  project  execution  team  and  safety 
oriented work culture. Hydrocarbon IC constantly strives to enhance  health 
safety  and environment parameters during project execution through  safety 
cultural  transformation  across  various disciplines. It  has  major  work 
centres   in  India  at  Powai  [Mumbai],  Vadodara,  Chennai,   Bengaluru, 
Faridabad,  Hazira  and Kattupalli. The IC is a significant player  in  the 
Middle  East  and South East Asia. Internationally it has  a  manufacturing 
facility in Sohar [Oman], project execution capabilities in UAE [Abu  Dhabi 
and  Sharjah],  Qatar  [Doha] and Al-Khobar  [Saudi  Arabia]  and  business 
development offices in Houston, London, Singapore, Malaysia & Brazil.

Hydrocarbon  IC is structured into the following three  Strategic  Business 
Groups (SBGs):

* Hydrocarbon Upstream

* Hydrocarbon Mid & Downstream (HMD)

* Hydrocarbon Construction & Pipelines (HCP)

Hydrocarbon Upstream

Hydrocarbon  Upstream SBG provides a wide range of EPIC solutions  covering 
entire  value  chain  of offshore Oil &  Gas  encompassing  drilling  rigs, 
offshore  platforms  and  subsea pipelines.  Its  wide  business  portfolio 
includes   well-head  platforms,  process  platforms  &   modules,   subsea 
pipelines,  brownfield developments, floating systems and deep  water  sub-
sea.

The SBG has successfully executed large size projects in East & West  Coast 
of India, the Gulf and Africa and has an elite clientele comprising  global 
companies  such as ONGC, GSPC, Songas, Qatar Petroleum, Maersk  Oil  Qatar, 
Bunduq, PTTEPI, ADMA OPCO and also executed break through orders for  major 
jack up rig refurbishment.

Upstream  SBG has three state-of-art fabrication facilities offering  round 
the year delivery, accessing strategically important regions - Hazira  near 
Surat on the west coast of India, Kattupalli near Chennai on the east coast 
of  India,  and at Sohar on the Gulf of Oman, with a capacity  of  about  1 
50,000  MT per year catering to fabrication of large oil & gas modules  and 
heavy offshore and onshore structures. In addition, the deepwater yards  at 
Sohar  and Kattupalli can execute construction / refurbishment  of  Jack-up 
Rigs  &  Semis,  FPSO`s and Integrated Decks. The  SBG`s  capabilities  are 
further augmented with the new Heavy Lift-cum-Pipelay installation  Vessel, 
LTS3000.

The  SBG recently completed installation of the country`s  largest  project 
order bagged in 2009-the US $ 1.2 Billion Mumbai High North complex,  where 
it  achieved  several firsts for Indian offshore such  as  largest  jacket, 
heaviest  loadout,  heaviest  lift at  offshore,  largest  offshore  living 
quarter  module  and largest process platform. The entire  Engineering  and 
Fabrication  for  this project was done in-house, achieving  an  end-to-end 
delivery  capability for such mega projects. Installation vessel  LTS  3000 
owned  by  L&T`s JV LTSSPL was used for installation of  Jackets  including 
heaviest MNP Jacket weighting 13,500 MT for first time in India. A total of 
80,000 MT of fabrication was involved in this project.

During  the  year, Upstream SBG was successful in bagging major  well  head 
platform orders from international clients like PTTEPI and ADMA OPCO.

As a part of strategic initiatives, newer geographies are being explored to 
maintain the growth momentum.

Hydrocarbon Mid & Downstream (HMD):

Hydrocarbon  Mid  & Down Stream SBG offers turnkey  solutions  encompassing 
engineering,   procurement,  construction  and  commissioning   (EPCC)   to 
petroleum  refining, petrochemicals, fertiliser and onshore gas  processing 
sectors.

The SBG has rich experience of project execution with diverse  technologies 
form process licensors like UOP, Axens, HaldorTopsoe, CB&I Lummus, Black  & 
Veatch, Ortloff, ExxonMobil, BOC Parsons, Du-Pont (Invista) & Davy  Process 
Technologies.

HMD  has  built the capabilities and has the  resources  to  simultaneously 
execute  multiple large value complex projects meeting  stringent  delivery 
schedules  and  safety norms. The multi-locational centres  of  engineering 
excellence  comprising  L&T-Chiyoda  and in-house  design  and  engineering 
centres,  have  over 1500 experienced engineers, equipped  to  address  the 
complete  spectrum of process and detailed engineering. In India,  the  SBG 
mainly operates from Mumbai and Vadodara. As a part of internationalization 
initiative,  business  development  and execution  capabilities  have  been 
established in Sharjah and Al-Khobar.

HMD  has also been prequalified with major state owned oil & gas  producers 
in MENA and SEA such as ORPIC, ADCO, ADMA OPCO, KOC, KJO, Saudi ARAMCO  for 
large value upcoming projects.

During  the year, SBG has bagged a green field gas processing project  from 
PDO  Oman.  HMD  has actively participated in  almost  all  the  fertilizer 
projects  in  India.  Through  strategic  alliances  with   internationally 
renowned  companies,  HMD has access to world-class  technologies  offering 
process  for  manufacture of ammonia and urea.It has  three  Ammonia  Plant 
modernisation projects under execution at Bharuch for GNFC and at Panipat & 
Bhatinda for NFL which are progressing as per schedule.

The  SBG  has excellent track record in executing hydrogen  generation  and 
synthesis gas generation projects and has also executed several fast  track 
refinery projects including diesel hydrodesulphurisation and diesel  hydro-
treating  units. In the domestic Gas processing segment, two  projects  are 
under  execution  for  additional gas processing facilities  from  ONGC  at 
Hazira & Uran.

Major  jobs  completed during the year include  commissioning  of  hydrogen 
generation  unit  of GGSR at Bhatinda and mechanical completion  of  diesel 
hydrotreating  unit  and  hydrogen generation unit of  MRPL  at  Mangalore. 
Reactor  regenerator package for IOCL-Paradip is also under advanced  stage 
of execution.

Hydrocarbon Construction & Pipelines (HCP):

Hydrocarbon Construction & Pipelines SBG undertakes turnkey construction of 
refinery,  petrochemicals,  chemical  plants,  fertilizers,  gas  gathering 
stations, crude oil & gas terminals, underground cavern storage system  for 
LPG covering civil, structural, piping, equipment and heavy lift works.  It 
also undertakes cross-country pipelines on lump-sum turnkey (LSTK) basis.

Major   capabilities  include  engineering  design  centers,   heavy   lift 
competency  and  quality adherence. SBG has put in focused efforts  to  set 
higher benchmarks in Health Safety Environment Culture. The SBG has a joint 
venture  with  Gulf Interstate Engineering of USA to  provide  world  class 
engineering  for  cross-country  pipelines. L&T`s capability  to  meet  the 
global  standards in pipeline construction on EPC mode has been  proven  in 
Cairn`s Barmer Salaya pipeline project which is the world`s longest  heated 
and PUF insulated waxy crude pipeline.

To cater to GCC opportunities, the SBG has well established at Sharjah & Al 
Khobar  supported  by  plant  and machinery a  fleet  of  key  construction 
equipment, including all-terrain cranes, entire range of pipeline spreads & 
earthmoving  equipment. In order to service the clients in the MENA  region 
more effectively, the SBG has entered into joint venture with reputed local 
partners  in  Oman, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Hydrocarbon  IC  is  targeting 
select opportunities in other international geographies such as-South  East 
Asia,  Australia,  Africa  &  CIS  countries  and  key  regional   business 
development personnel have been appointed in those regions.

The SBG has executed various projects for key clients such as SABIC  (Saudi 
Arabia),  KOC  (Kuwait),  KAFCO  (Kuwait)  ADNOC,  ENOC,  Qatar  Petroleum, 
Oiltanking Odfjell Terminals & Co. (Oman) and Saudi Aramco directly as well 
as through other EPC contractors.

During  the  year, SBG achieved major milestone by bagging a 52" X  123  km 
pipeline contract on EPC basis from GASCO in UAE and breakthrough order  in 
Saudi Arabia for CMIE construction work of poly ethylene plant from  Sadara 
Chemicals (a 50:50 JV of Saudi Aramco & Dow Chemical Company).

Business Environment:

Domestic  Market  is  becoming increasingly competitive  with  new  players 
trying   to  establish  themselves  through  aggressive  bidding  as   also 
established international players quoting on marginal cost basis to utilize 
their idle capacities.

In  order to achieve sustainable growth going forward, IC has  embarked  on 
cost reduction & value engineering initiatives and diversification into new 
geographies.  Hydrocarbon  IC  is also focusing on  modular  process  plant 
opportunities including onshore LNG modules for international markets.

During the year, a few orders, mainly domestic, got deferred due to lack of 
clear policies on fertilisers, fuel pricing and weaker financial  condition 
of  oil  marketing  PSUs.Internationally, select  GCC  countries  saw  some 
sluggishness namely Qatar due to gas moratorium and Kuwait due to political 
reasons.  On  the  contrary, UAE and Saudi are seen to  be  active  on  new 
project announcements. Successful execution of jobs bagged during the  year 
from  some  prestigious international client like ADMA  OPCO,  PDO,  PTTEP, 
GASCO and SADARA Chemical, would lead to potential of repetitive orders.

Significant Initiatives:

During  the  year,  the IC achieved  prequalification  for  major  upcoming 
projects  in  Saudi,  UAE,  Australia, South  East  Asia  and  Kuwait.  For 
venturing  into newer product lines like Subsea systems, FPSO/MOPU  and  to 
strengthen  position  in  areas like fertilizer, it  has  formed  strategic 
alliances/  collaborations  with world-class technology providers.  The  IC 
will target large value projects in GCC, through consortium model with  big 
EPC players.

In  order to realign to the changing market scenario, a mid term review  of 
Strategic plan-"Lakshya 2016" was taken up during the year wherein a number 
of  new  initiatives have been identified to  ensure  sustainable  business 
growth as well as operational excellence.

As  a  part of internationalization initiatives, key  business  development 
personnel  and  international  business heads have  been  appointed  across 
geographies such as Houston, London, Kaula Lumpur, Perth, Al-Khobar  (Saudi 
Arabia) and Singapore. Moreover, to strengthen international  organization, 
proven  performers in the domestic operations have been identified and  are 
being assigned key roles in the international arena.

In order to tap upcoming opportunities reserved for local companies, an  IK 
EPC Joint Venture is being formed in Saudi Arabia. IC continues to  explore 
new  avenues of cost savings and cost reduction. Target pricing,  alternate 
sourcing,  value engineering and effective contract management are the  key 
initiatives which will help in sustained growth.

During  the  year  Kattupalli yard witnessed dispatch  of  GSPCL  Deck  for 
Kakinada  Oil fields. In view of increased international  opportunities  in 
modularisation the yard is being developed further, which is expected to be 
completed in 2012-2013.

The  IC  has undertaken various efforts to strengthen  the  safety  culture 
within the organization by engaging DuPont to lead the initiative. A safety 
governance  structure with an apex committee comprising  senior  management 
personnel  is  formed. Eight standards on high risk  activities  have  been 
formulated and approved by Apex safety committee for implementation  across 
the  facilities.  Safety Innovation school has been established  in  Hazira 
providing trainings on various safety competencies including facilities for 
experiential learnings.

Hydrocarbon IC has a strong resource base of skilled and experienced people 
working in various disciplines. HR efforts are targeted to ensure that  the 
right  talent  is  sourced,  selected,  trained  and  deployed  across  the 
organization.  Special efforts are being put to identify potential  leaders 
and groom them to take on higher responsibilities in the future.

The IC has entered into Memorandum of Understanding [MoU] with  prestigious 
Universities to offer specialized courses in niche areas relevant to the IC 
for  grooming  select young engineers to be a part of  the  workforce.  L&T 
Institute  of  Project  Management, at Vadodara, plays a  pivotal  role  in 
equipping the employees with the tools and techniques that can be  deployed 
in  effective project execution. The HR Excellence Model  patterned  around 
the  Malcolm  Balridge  Quality Model & People  Capability  Maturity  Model 
(PCMM),  takes a holistic view of the existing HR processes and provides  a 
structured  approach  for continuously improving the HR processes  and  its 
effectiveness.

The  IC  has institutionalised matured Risk Management Process  with  clear 
policies  and guidelines to enhance/protect operating margins. The  process 
is  aimed  at identification, assessment, mitigation and  monitoring  risks 
from pre-bid to completion of the project.

The  challenges in the form of increasing competition,  newer  geographies, 
forex   and  commodity  price  fluctuation  and  manpower   attrition   are 
effectively  mitigated  through  specific  actions  like  appointing  local 
representatives   in   target  countries,   proactive   hedge   management, 
operational excellence initiatives and employee engagement programmes.

Project  Managers  of  the  IC  are  undergoing  Risk  Induction  Programme 
conducted  by  ECRI  (Engineering  &  Construction  Risk  Institute)  on  a 
continuous   basis  to  get  acquainted  with  Global  Best  Practices   in 
Engineering & Construction Risk Management.

Outlook:

Oil  prices are steady at elevated level and have upward bias in near  term 
given the political tensions between USA and Iran. The IC foresees business 
momentum building up particularly in Saudi Arabia and UAE markets in  2012-
2013.

Major  triggers  in domestic markets would be clarity on  gas  pricing  and 
availability  which  will  facilitate  award  of  fertilizer  projects  and 
expected  impetus  to  cross  country  pipeline  projects.  Good   business 
opportunities are also seen in upcoming onshore gas processing projects.

On  the  international front, the IC is confident of securing a  few  large 
size  orders from Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, South East Asia region aided  by 
business  development  initiatives undertaken by the IC and  good  business 
prospects in these select markets.

Buildings & Factories IC:  

Overview:

Buildings   &  Factories  (B&F)  IC  undertakes  engineering   design   and 
construction  of  Airports,  IT office spaces  &  institutional  buildings, 
hospitals, hotels, residential buildings, factories and cement plants.  Our 
thrust  is  on  diversifying in various  building  segments  and  expanding 
customer  base  by  providing "Concept  to  Commissioning"  solutions  thus 
maintaining  its leadership position, retaining key customers  and  bagging 
major orders.

B&F  IC,  as  a  part of L&T`s Construction  business  has  completed  many 
landmark  projects  in India as well as abroad. In a  global  setting,  L&T 
construction  ranked 29th amongst the top 225 Global  Contractors  [source: 
Engineering  News Record (ENR) August 29, 2011] consistently improving  its 
ranking over last five years from 54th rank in ENR 2006.

Business Environment:

Despite  a  decline  in  overall GDP growth,  the  B&F  IC  maintained  its 
leadership in the market during 2011-2012.

Elite  & luxury housing segment in the metro cities,  commercial  complexes 
for  Retail  and IT industry provided good opportunities to B&F  IC  during 
2011-2012.

The  Order  book of B&F IC recorded significant growth  with  major  orders 
bagged during 2011-2012. In Airports, B&F bagged the prestigious project of 
Bangalore  International Airport Limited Terminal 1 expansion at  Bengaluru 
on  a  design  and build model. In IT Parks and offices,  the  IC  received 
orders  from  IT Giants like TCS, Cognizant and HCL at  Kochi  and  Chennai 
locations.  B&F IC also received mixed use development orders from DLF  and 
RMZ at Noida and Bangalore respectively. The IC has put a strong foot  into 
the  Hyper-mart  construction  by getting orders on  Pan-India  basis  from 
Reliance  Industries  Limited.  The IC has  strengthened  its  presence  in 
residential  segment in Mumbai by bagging orders from Omkar, Oberoi  Realty 
and  Lodha Crown Buildmart. In addition to the above, the IC  has  received 
residential projects at Chennai, Mumbai, Bangalore and Mangalore from  DLF, 
Prestige  Estates Projects, Essar and SKS Netgate to name a few.  Factories 
segment has bagged orders from Renault Nissan, Birla Suriya and Arshiya.

Repeat orders from Cognizant, TCS, Omkar and DLF, to name a few,  indicates 
the  capability of the IC in project deliveries to the satisfaction of  our 
customers.

B&F  IC  has reported significant growth in the revenues  during  the  year 
2011-2012. Some of the key notable projects completed by B&F IC include the 
Punjab  War  Memorial  and  Mumbai  International  Airport  Limited  (MIAL) 
Airside.  The  completion of these prestigious  projects  within  stringent 
timeline,   demonstrates  B&F  IC`s  superior  project   management/project 
execution capabilities in handling large design build / turnkey projects.

Significant Initiatives:

B&F  IC is fully geared up on the technology front for undertaking the  new 
trends  in  civil engineering and construction technology  like  high  rise 
towers,   green  buildings,  Maintenance,  repair  and   operations   (MRO) 
facilities  and precast housing. Various initiatives  including  technology 
tie-ups  have been implemented to improve upon the execution  and  delivery 
capabilities for complex and large value orders.

Outlook:

The  opportunities  in airports in domestic  expansions  and  international 
projects,  IT campus development, government thrust on healthcare,  retail, 
demand  for  housing, factories and cement plant expansion plans  by  major 
players will be the key drivers for B&F IC`s growth. Construction market is 
also  expected to remain attractive in MENA countries. Given the fact  that 
the global construction majors have been witnessing slowdown in their  home 
markets, the growth hubs of India & MENA countries will attract a number of 
players.

Nevertheless,  B&F  IC is poised to register a satisfactory growth  in  the 
revenues during the year 2012-2013 on the back drop of a healthy order book 
and proven track record.

Infrastructure IC: 

Overview:

Infrastructure  (Infra) IC undertakes design, engineering and  construction 
of  projects  in Roads and Runways, Elevated  Corridors,  Metros,  Tunnels, 
Ports,  Special  Bridges, Hydro Power, Nuclear Power, Defence  and  Railway 
infrastructure sectors.

Business Environment:

The  slowdown  in  economic growth adversely  affected  the  investment  in 
various  infrastructure  projects  in 2011-2012. Apart  from  deferment  of 
ordering, the IC also witnessed stiff competition on the available business 
prospects  during  the  year 2011-2012. Tight  liquidity  position,  issues 
relating  to land acquisition slowed down the pace of execution of  certain 
large  scale  projects. The prices of key inputs remained  volatile  during 
2011-2012.

Some  of  the  major orders secured in during the  year  2011-2012  include 
Hosur-Krishnagiri, Bewar-Pindwara, Kishangarh-Ahmedabad and  Shivpuri-Dewas 
projects in road sector, various underground and elevated metro packages of 
Delhi,  Chennai & Kolkata, common service package for Kakrapar &  Rajasthan 
Atomic Power Projects. The IC has also secured two orders for  construction 
of roads in the Sultanate of Oman.

Some  of  the  key projects completed by  Infra  IC  include  Halol-Godhra-
Shamlaji, Rajkot-Jamnagar-Vadinar, Kattupalli port, railway electrification 
of  Moradabad-Roza  and  Barauni-Chappra  sections,  gauge  conversion  for 
Nagore-Karaikal section and port connectivity for Bharuch-Dahej section.

Significant Initiatives:

Infra  IC has undertaken several new initiatives with clear focus on  areas 
of  supply chain management, cost competitiveness, operational  excellence, 
value  engineering  and  improved  capacity  utilisation.  Attracting   and 
retaining  talent  with requisite competencies and focus  on  training  and 
development  to  enhance productivity are also being done  continuously  to 
support the business needs.

Outlook:

Given  the huge gap between infrastructure demand and supply in  a  growing 
economy  like India, all business relating to urban infrastructure,  power, 
roads  and water would witness attractive growth over a  sustained  period. 
The  Union  Budget 2012-2013 also lays greater emphasis  on  infrastructure 
development.  The realisation of order prospects in infrastructure,  power, 
defence and railways sectors, however, largely depend upon the government`s 
ability to implement the policy decision and finance large scale projects.

Infra  IC  is clearly focussing in capitalising the current  market  trend. 
With the specific and continuous thrust on business development, the IC  is 
looking  at new opportunities across various business segments in India  as 
well  as  in the International fronts. The healthy Order book  position  of 
Infra IC gives the confidence of registering good growth in revenues during 
the year 2012-2013.

Metallurgical & Material Handling IC: 

Overview:

Metallurgical  &  Material Handling (MMH) IC undertakes  EPC  (Engineering, 
Procurement & Construction) projects for ferrous (iron & steel making)  and 
non-ferrous  (Aluminium,  copper,  lead  &  zinc)  metal  industries,  bulk 
material & ash handling systems in power, port, steel & mining sectors.  It 
has a well-established fabrication unit at Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu to  meet 
the specific needs of its customers.

Business Environment:

MMH IC retained its market leadership in its areas of operation during  the 
year 2011-2012. Greenfield project of Tata Steel at Kalinganagar picked  up 
momentum for which the IC is executing major packages.

MMH  IC  had won orders from Tata Steel for Blast Furnace, Coke  Oven,  Raw 
Material Handling System, Civil & Structural works for SMS, HSM and PDS  at 
Kalinganagar  and rebuild of Blast Furnace F&G at Jamshedpur. Other  orders 
won include Civil and Structural works for CDQ and DRI at Bellary from JSW, 
Civil  and  Structural  works for Alumina Refinery at  Raigarh  from  Utkal 
Alumina,  Civil and Structural works for BOF and Slab Caster for Phase  III 
at  Angul  from Bhushan Steel, Civil and Structural works for Phase  II  at 
Amravati,  Nashik  from  India  Bulls,  Raw  Material  Handling  System  at 
Tuticorin from Sterlite, Coal Handling Plant at Bara from Jaypee and supply 
and Erection of CHP at Parsa Kente Mines for Adani Group.

MMH  IC had successfully completed India`s largest pellet plant  (6  MTPA), 
LD-3  &  Thin Slab Caster Rolling Mill at Jamshedpur,  Bedding  &  Blending 
System for Iron Ore Fines at Noamundi, Yard Machines at Joda Mines for Tata 
Steel, Blast Furnace-4 at Bellary for JSW, Coal handling plant for stage II 
at  Simhadri for NTPC, coal handling plant at Kodermafor DVC and at  Tiroda 
for Powergen Infrastructure.

MMH  IC  is currently executing projects involving  various  facilities  at 
steel plant at Kalinganagar for Tata steel, at Bhila for SAIL, at Angul for 
Bhushan Steel, at Bellary for Jindal Steel, Alumina refinery at Raigarh for 
Utkal  Alumina  and  13  Coal  Handling  Plants  concurrently  for  various 
customers, which is a landmark achievement.

MMH  IC  is  also involved in fabrication of Coke  Oven  Battery  equipment 
including  primary  gas  cooler for Tata steel  and  Bhushan  steel,  Blast 
furnace  shell, lower tower structures and hot stove shell  including  dome 
for SAIL- Bhilai Plant, surface condensers for power plants, N2 vessel  for 
Bhushan  steel  plant,  wagon shifter for India Bulls and  Pot  shells  for 
Hindalco.

Key  success  factor  for the IC is high  customer  retention,  operational 
efficiency and consistent performance.

The  deployment  of  Business  development  Head  dedicatedly  focusing  on 
International  market has resulted in securing first order in Oman for  MMH 
IC. The IC intends to carry forward this initiative to tap the potential in 
the Middle East market in ferrous & non-ferrous segment.

Significant Initiatives:

MMH  IC has made strategic alliance with leading global technologist  as  a 
part of business line diversification in ferrous segment which include:

* Paul Worth-for blast furnace, coke oven and by-product plant

* SMS Siemag - for steel melt shop and thin slab caster

* Outotec-for sinter plant and pellet plant

* Nippon Steel-for coke-dry-quenching and continuous annealing & processing 
line

* METSO-for iron ore beneficiation

To  avail  new  concept & technology for  increased  capacity  in  material 
handling  sector,  MMH IC has technology tie ups with  global  technologist 
which include:

* Ashton Bulk, U.K - for crescent type wagon tipplers, high capacity  side-
arm-chargers and ducking tripper type stacker reclaimer;

* Norwest, U.S - for coal washeries;

* FLCE, France - for long belt conveyors;

* UCC. U.S - for ash handling system.

Outlook:

Growth  in the field of Ferrous & Non-Ferrous, Power sector and  Government 
commitment towards infrastructure spending are going to be the key  drivers 
for  the  Metals  &  Minerals business. Healthy order  book  gives  MMH  IC 
confidence of achieving the revenue growth in 2012-2013.

Power Transmission & Distribution IC:

Overview:

Power  Transmission & distribution (PT&D) IC with its foot prints in  India 
and  GCC  Countries,  is one of the major players in  EPC  space  for  High 
Voltage  Substations,  Industrial Electrification  and  Power  Transmission 
Lines.

The  Industrial  Electrification Business provides turnkey  Electrical  and 
Instrumentation & Communication solutions for major Power plants  including 
Thermal  &  Nuclear plants, Process plants  &  Infrastructure  projects.The 
Substation  &  Transmission  Line Businesses cater to the  needs  of  Power 
Transmission & Distribution in Domestic & International Market, boosted  by 
its  state  of  the art tower testing facility  at  Kanchipuram  and  tower 
manufacturing  units  at  Pondicherry  and  Pithampur,  with  an  installed 
capacity of 50,000 TPA in each location.

Over  the  last  few  years, IC has  established  strong  presence  in  GCC 
countries and is now set to expand to African countries.

Business Environment:

The  business  environment for PT&D business was challenging  during  2011-
2012.  Increased  Competition from local and small players,  volatility  in 
currency  and  commodity  prices, entry of new  players,  delays  in  Power 
capacity   additions  and  Power  density  improvement   projects   imposed 
constraints for growth in PT&D business.

Some  of  the  major orders bagged by PT&D IC  include  transmission  lines 
projects  from  PGCIL for Varanasi to Kanpur, Raipur to Wardha,  Wardha  to 
Aurangabad,  Substation  projects of Phagi from RVPN, E-BOP  for  2X660  MW 
Thermal power plant for Abhijeeth Power in Bihar.

International  orders  include EHV Substations and  Cabling  projects  from 
Qatar  General  Electricity  & Water Authority, Abu  Dhabi  Transmission  & 
dispatch Company, Substation for Abu Dhabi Port Company and EHV  substation 
from Ministry of Electricity & Water, Kuwait.

PT&D IC had commissioned India`s First 765 kV Substation for Uttar  Pradesh 
Power   Transmission  Corporation  Limited  at  Unnao,  charged   1200   kV 
transformer  for  PGCIL`s Bina test station which is a first of  its  kind. 
Other  completed  projects  include  400 KV GIS  substation  for  PGCIL  at 
Gurgaon, 15 EHV Substations at various locations, synchronization of Unit-1 
of 2 x 500MW Thermal Power Plant for NTECL at Vellore, Electrical works  of 
a  330MW  power project for Adani Power Limited,  Mundra-Shandong  electric 
power Construction Corporation.

PT&D IC also commissioned 400kV D/C Karcham Wangtoo-Abdullapur Transmission 
line  in  the  toughest  terrain  of  Himachal  Pradesh  and  34  No`s   of 
Substations/Package  Units  and  89 KM of  Overhead  Transmission  Line  in 
overall Gulf region.

Despite  several  challenges, IC has demonstrated an impressive  growth  of 
about  60% in Order Intake this financial year, and is well  positioned  to 
continue  the  momentum  next year owing to the  increased  private  player 
participation, domestic demand for Power transmission and opportunities  in 
overseas.  The  IC  is also ambitious about its GCC  operations  where  T&D 
investments  in  strengthening of Transmission  Grids  provide  significant 
business opportunities.

Significant Initiatives:

PT&D IC took several initiatives for improving the operational  excellence, 
retain competitiveness and thereby improve upon the market share.

*  Dedicated Business Initiative cells have been established  at  Strategic 
locations and improve proximity to customers with cluster operations.

*  The Right of Way (ROW) team at cluster level especially for TL  business 
has been strengthened for speedy project execution.

* The IC has targeted portfolio expansion in GCC countries and forays  into 
new geographies, new lines of business in Security solution.

Outlook:

Power shortage scenario in India is expected to intensify the focus by  the 
Government for improving power transmission & distribution. Utilities  like 
PGCIL,  NTPC, etc and State Electricity Boards are likely to go-ahead  with 
their   investments  in  the  coming  years  in  power   transmission   and 
distribution.  With high crude oil prices, GCC public finances will  remain 
reassuringly  strong. The focus on infrastructure development and boost  to 
tourism  in most of the countries in the Middle East region augur well  for 
the business expansion of PT&D IC.

Water and Solar SBG:

Overview:

Water & Solar SBG brings under one umbrella the water & effluent  treatment 
(WET)  business,  the water technology business and Solar EPC  business  to 
cater to the entire value chain of Water business and Solar EPC business.

The water and effluent treatment business caters waterintake, transmission, 
treatment  and  distribution including industrial waste water  treatment  & 
disposal  and  ordinary  waste  water treatment  &  reuse  segments.  Water 
technology  business  by  deploying advanced and  complex  water  treatment 
technologies  caters  to advance water and waste water treatment  for  very 
complex treatment plants, concentrating mostly on the Middle East market.

Solar  EPC business comprises Solar photovoltaic (PV),  Concentrated  solar 
power (CSP) and Solar thermal which are the three emerging segments of  the 
solar business.

Business Environment:

Investments  in  water management systems are on the  rise  throughout  the 
world.  The huge outlay envisaged in water supply, water  treatment,  waste 
water management and desalination plants in India and International markets 
like Middle East, opens up opportunities for SBG to leverage and expand the 
core competencies in this area.

Some  of  the  orders bagged in water business are  Combined  Water  Supply 
Scheme  to Attur, Melur & Vellore Package I, II & III for Tamil Nadu  Water 
Supply  &  Sewerage Board, 60 Km MS Pipeline from  Dhanki  to  Navada-NC-34 
Water Supply Project for Gujarat Water Infrastructure Limited,  Development 
Works  of  Kamal Vihar for Raipur Development Authority,  Chhattisgarh  and 
development   Works  of  Aerocity  for  Greater  Mohali  Area   Development 
Authority, Punjab.

The  water  business completed the projects of Water Supply Scheme  to  392 
villages for Ananthapur Phase III Water Supply Project, Andhra Pradesh,  50 
MGD  Water Supply Scheme covering 172 KM of MS Pipeline  from  Narayanapura 
Dam to Jindal Steel Plant at Bellary, Karnataka, Pumped Water Supply Scheme 
with 65 km of MS Pipeline from Kadiyali to Kesaria for NC - 24 Water Supply 
Project, Gujarat.

Solar  Business Unit has set track record of putting up largest  &  fastest 
solar  power  plants in India and emerged as no. 1  EPC  player,  providing 
solutions for various solar technologies. The BU has highest rating-`SP1 A` 
and  has been certified as a highly rated RESCO (Renewable  Energy  Service 
Company)  and  system  integrator, enabling it to become one  of  the  most 
reputed channel partners of MNRE to execute off-grid solar power projects.

Some of the major orders executed in Solar business are are 40 MW solar  PV 
power  plant  for  Reliance Power at Pokhran, Rajasthan,  10  MW  solar  PV 
tracker  based power plant for Millennium Synergy at Dhama,  Surendranagar, 
Gujarat, 25 MW solar PV power plant for SunEdison at Charankha, Gujarat, 20 
MW solar PV power plant for Kiran Energy at Charankha, Gujarat.

Significant Initiatives:

The  initiatives such as building a strong in-house design team,  Strategic 
Alliances  for  advanced technology know-how, readiness &  clear  focus  on 
growth  segments,  entering  Middle  East market by  putting  up  a  strong 
organization structure have helped water and solar business to chart a good 
growth in 2011-2012.

Outlook:

Indian  Government`s consistent support to bridge the demand supply gap  in 
water segment coupled with the interest shown by water bodies towards water 
management  contracts,  offer  promising growth  prospects  for  the  water 
segment  in  India. With increased pollution monitoring by  regulators  and 
almost  79%  of  waste  water generated  not  been  collected,  the  highly 
inadequate  waste  water segment will see large investments in  the  coming 
years.

Water  Technology  BU  which will concentrate on the  Middle  East  markets 
predominantly has seen very favourable prospects in Desalination and  Reuse 
in Oman and KSA. Industries in these countries are going for Reuse projects 
to  meet  water demand. The BU is building up on  its  technology  tie-ups, 
which is seen to be the main differentiator among the competitors.

With further ease in external sources of financing, prices of solar  panels 
stabilizing,  grid  parity to be achieved by 2014-2015, the  solar  segment 
appears  promising. With the Indian government already having unveiled  the 
National Solar Mission to target of 20,000 MW of solar generating  capacity 
by  the  end of the 13th Five Year Plan, there are many  favourable  growth 
prospects for solar EPC for 2012-2013.

Power IC:

Overview:

Power  IC  specializes  in  setting up of  power  generation  projects  for 
utilities like electricity boards and independent power producers on a lump 
sum turnkey basis.

Power  IC undertakes coal based & gas-based projects & specialises  in  the 
super critical technology equipments. Its in house manufacturing facilities 
in the form of Boiler & Steam Turbine , pressure piping fabrication,  Axial 
fans  &  air-preheaters  & Electrostatic Precipitators  together  with  its 
decades  strength  in  the  areas  of  project  management,  engineering  & 
construction  management has made Power IC as end to end solution  provider 
under one cloud in setting up the thermal based power plants,  particularly 
of the super critical type.

During the year 2011-2012, the Power IC focused on timely execution of  its 
existing projects amid multiple challenges on the business prospects front. 
The   facility   for  manufacture  of   Electrostatic   Precipitators   was 
commissioned  during  20112012. The facilities of the  joint  venture  with 
Howden  UK  for  manufacture of axial fans  and  air-preheaters  were  also 
commissioned during the year. Major dispatches of machines and materials to 
the  various  project sites of customers were made from  the  manufacturing 
facilities  for Boiler and Steam Turbine, High Pressure piping  which  were 
commissioned  during  2010-2011. With this, the Power IC is  geared  up  to 
provide nearly 85% (by value) of equipment and services in house.

During the year, most projects entered into the critical phase. The Phase 2 
of   GMR  Vemagiri  gas  based  combined  cycle  power   plant   progressed 
substantially  during  the year, with Unit 2 being commissioned  in  record 
time  of  24  months  and the mechanical completion  of  Unit  3  was  also 
completed. A significant milestone in power projects, `Ceiling Girder Final 
Jackup`  was  completed  for 2 units of the  JPVL  Nigrie  project  (Madhya 
Pradesh) and 1 unit of the Nabha Power project (Rajpura, Punjab).

The  year  2011-2012  also saw dispatch of ODC  consignments  and  critical 
supplies  for  Boiler  for  the Koradi and  Nigrie  projects,  notably  the 
Generator  Stator  and related assemblies. In case of APPDCL  project,  the 
392MT Generator Stator was successfully erected.

Currently,  3 BOP projects are under execution and will enter the  critical 
phase of completion in the year 2012-2013.

The  Dhuvaran  gas  based  project  being  constructed  for  Gujarat  State 
Electricity Corp. Ltd. saw the HRSG primary structures executed in a record 
14 days.

The challenging economic environment reflected on lower order inflow during 
2011-2012. The IC has, however, registered substantial growth in sales  and 
profitability.

Business Environment:

Recently,   India`s  installed  power  generation  capacity  exceeded   the 
milestone  of 200,000 MW, still much lower than the installed  capacity  of 
950,000 MW of China.India faces acute power shortages, slowing its economic 
engine.

The planned capacity addition target of 76000 MW in the XII plan also  look 
increasingly difficult to achieve, considering the myriad problems plaguing 
the power sector. Over the last 12 to 18 months, business opportunities for 
players  in  thermal  power space have shrunk  dramatically,  despite  high 
demand  for  power. The Power industry faced unexpected headwinds  on  many 
fronts  such  as fuel shortages, difficulties in financial closure  of  new 
projects, delayed environmental clearance, land acquisition issues and  the 
financial troubles of SEBs. The domestic coal and gas supply did not  reach 
the  expected  levels.  The domestic market  for  gas-based  projects  has, 
therefore,  pretty much evaporated. The IC also faced  intense  competition 
from  BHEL,  Chinese equipment suppliers as also from Korean  and  European 
players,  battling  for  shrinking opportunities  with  aggressive  bidding 
strategies.

The  Union  Budget  2012 also left the domestic  power  equipment  industry 
largely  disappointed. The much sought after demand for levy of  duties  on 
import of power equipment from China, was ignored, and the market continues 
to  be  dominated by Chinese imports, further supported by  financing  from 
Chinese banks.

Significant Initiatives:

The  challenging  business environment necessitated the introduction  of  a 
slew of initiatives to ensure that the growth plans remain on track and the 
IC  continue  to  build  on its body of knowledge in  the  areas  of  super 
critical technology.

Considering  the limited opportunity in the domestic market for  gas  based 
projects,  the IC has taken steps to expand its horizons beyond  India  for 
gas based projects. The IC is exploring opportunities in Asia  (Bangladesh, 
Sri  Lanka,  Malaysia, Indonesia & Thailand), Middle  East  (Saudi  Arabia, 
Oman,  Qatar) and Africa (presently only Gabon) as many of these  countries 
have proven gas reserves, and fairly good gas transportation networks.  The 
move  to explore new frontiers will enable the IC to diversify its  project 
profile and ride on the growth expected in these markets.

A  Technical Services Support Agreement was entered into with MHI  pursuant 
to  which  the  IC  has formed Engineering  &  Technology  Group  which  is 
entrusted  with the responsibility to assimilate the best practices of  MHI 
in Interface Engineering of Boiler, Turbine Generator, Balance of Plant and 
also for commissioning the projects.

To  increase  operational efficiencies, the IC also came  up  with  various 
improvements  in execution methodologies. The IC is first in India  to  use 
the  Strand Jack method for Generator Stator erection in the  Krishnapatnam 
project and Boiler erection in the Rajpura project. With a view to  develop 
a  pool  of  talented  professionals with  sound  knowledge  of  the  power 
industry,  technologies  and  capabilities, the IC has  set  up  the  Power 
Training  Institute  at  Vadodara  in  2011-2012.  With  the  objective  of 
developing  and  sustaining  a  strong and reliable  vendor  base,  the  IC 
convened its first ever vendor meet to identify, discuss and understand the 
needs and solutions of vendors.

The  IC is also in the process of setting up a Central  Project  Monitoring 
system.  With this, it will be possible to remotely monitor from a  central 
location the progress at various project sites across the country.

Outlook:

The  Government  has recently taken certain measures,  which  indicate  its 
seriousness  about  the  problems plaguing the  power  sector.  The  recent 
directive to Coal India to enter into long term Fuel Supply Agreements with 
power  developers provides assurance of coal supply to all plants  expected 
to  be  commissioned by March 2015. A few  state  electricity  distribution 
companies  have  raised  their tariffs which is a big  positive  for  their 
finances, and provides the necessary impetus to both state power generation 
companies and IPP`s to plan for new projects.

IC expects the first half of 2012-2013 to be challenging; the second  half, 
however,  seems  promising with some awards materializing  especially  from 
state owned companies.

The  focused  initiatives  taken by ICs in the overseas  market  will  help 
getting  awards in Asia for gas based projects. The IC also expects  orders 
for civil packages in power plants from both private and public sector.

With existing order backlog and expected timely execution of all  projects, 
the  IC  is confident to sustain the growth in sales and  profitability  in 
2012-2013.

The  IC with all its factories commissioned, offering of  energy  efficient 
solutions,   a   robust  technology  and  manpower   base   with   relevant  
capabilities, is poised to capitalize on the opportunities of the future.

Heavy Engineering IC:

Overview:

Heavy  Engineering  (HE)  IC  manufactures  and  supplies  custom-designed, 
engineered critical equipment & systems to the core sector industries  like 
Fertiliser, Refinery, Petrochemical, Chemical, Oil & Gas, Thermal & Nuclear 
Power, Aerospace and Equipment & Systems for Defence applications.

HE IC has manufacturing & fabrication facilities at Mumbai in  Maharashtra, 
at  Baroda & Hazira in Gujarat and at Visakhapatnam in Andhra  Pradesh.  At 
Talegaon in Maharashtra; it has a Strategic Systems Complex for integration 
and testing of Weapons Systems, Sensors & Engineering Systems. A  Precision 
Manufacturing  Facility at Coimbatore in Tamilnadu caters to the  needs  of 
precision-machined/manufactured components & assemblies.

Dedicated  production  engineering and  manufacturing  process  development 
centres  support  manufacturing  at  each  location.  Detailed  design  and 
engineering centers support Project Management teams at all locations.  The 
IC has three "Technology Development Centres" that operate from Powai - for 
new  product  development  in process plant  equipment  and  for  strategic 
equipment  &  systems, as well as one focused  on  electronic  systems/sub-
systems.  Defence  Electronics Systems` design & engineering  is  supported 
through  a dedicated Strategic Electronics Centre including a  new  product 
development centre at Bengaluru in Karnataka.

IC  has warship Design Centre, which is well-equipped with latest  software 
tools & know-how and has developed in-house designs for surface ships  such 
as Fast Speed Boats, Attack Crafts, Offshore Patrol Vessels and Corvettes.

A  heavy  fabrication  facility,  set  up  as  a  Joint  Venture  in  Oman, 
manufactures a range of equipment for the hydrocarbon & power sectors.  The 
IC has set up a Joint Venture Company for manufacture of heavy forgings for 
the hydrocarbon & nuclear power sectors.

Business Environment:

The  sluggish global economic scenario, the Fukushima nuclear  incident  in 
Japan  and  lack of policy decisions on the domestic front  have  adversely 
impacted  the Order Inflow & Sales during Financial Year 2011-2012 in  most 
of  the  business  segments of the IC.  Deferment/cancellation  of  planned 
projects across geographies has led to a sharp drop in Export Orders.

Despite large scale induction programmes of the Armed Forces and the Indian 
Coast  Guard,  not many orders were awarded to private players  during  the 
year  2011-2012.  For the Defence Marine business, competition  from  other 
Indian  Private  Shipyards  has intensified. The IC,  however,  managed  to 
secure  a  breakthrough order for the Strategic  Communications  Programme, 
which would open up fresh avenues in this segment.

In  the process plant equipment businesses, the margins are under  pressure 
due  to  aggressive pricing from competitors having  idle  capacities.  The 
localization  policies  of some of the countries and  preference  to  local 
suppliers by some of the EPC Companies due to socio-political  compulsions, 
is  putting  the  IC at a disadvantage.  International  sanctions  on  Iran 
deprive us from some good business opportunities.

Significant Initiatives:

In  the  pursuit for excellence in productivity and working  efficiency,  a 
number  of initiatives have been undertaken by the IC in a campaign  titled 
`UDAAN`  which signifies flight or breaking free from existing mindsets  to 
scale  new heights. This campaign has been initiated with the objective  to 
achieve an exclusive position in the global process plant equipment and  to 
fortify  our lead position as supplier of defence equipment & systems  from 
private sector.

Some of the major initiatives under "UDAAN" are:

* Implementation of Theory of Constraints

* Lakshya

* Enterprise-wide Collaboration for Alignment with Strategy (ECAS)

* Employee Engagement

* Innovation

* Sustainability

With  an aim of improving execution & delivery performance, HE IC has  been 
using  `Critical  Chain  Project  Management`  methodology  of  `Theory  of 
Constraints`. HE IC has also undertaken the implementation of the  Strategy 
and Tactic (S&T) Tree in order to achieve operational excellence.

Lakshya is the 5-year strategic plan for identifying strategies and  action 
plans for their implementation to drive growth during the plan period.

`Enterprise-wide Collaboration for Alignment with Strategy (ECAS)` aims  at 
enhancing Organisational Excellence for improved performance and  alignment 
of operations to the strategy of Customer Intimacy through a  collaborative 
culture.

Employee  Engagement  initiative  by HE IC helps  in  seeking  an  unbiased 
employee  perception  on  numerous dimensions  creating  healthy,  customer 
focused and productive work environment.

A  Culture of Innovation through collaboration and creative thinking  helps 
in seeking newer and better ways of designing, manufacturing and execution.

The IC maintains its leadership position through its multiple Technology  & 
Product  Development  Centers which are focused  on  process  technologies, 
manufacturing  technologies,  mechanical systems technologies  and  ship  & 
submarine designs.

These centers provide specific emphasis on welding & metallurgy,  composite 
materials,  heat transfer, computational fluid dynamics,  stress  analysis, 
microwave & RF technologies, embedded systems and drives technologies.

A large part of the current revenues in the Defense & Aerospace  businesses 
are  the  fruits  of sustained development of products  in-house  in  these 
centers over the years. The current efforts of these centers would lead  to 
a quantum jump in business volumes in the future.

Outlook:

In  the hydrocarbon sector, business is expected to look up in  the  medium 
term with expected investments in refinery upgrade and revamp/ modification 
projects,  new  value-added  petrochemical products,  grass  root  Refinery 
projects  in Middle-East, Turkey, Vietnam, Taiwan, Latin America, Russia  & 
CIS  countries likely to come up in 2012-2013. Major Oil & Gas  investments 
including LNG are also slated in Australia, Qatar & Russia.

The Urea Investment policy cleared recently by the Government of India  and 
widely  welcomed by Fertiliser sector is expected to provide major  impetus 
for investment in domestic market and some brown-field projects are  likely 
to  be  finalized in the near future. Fertiliser projects are  expected  in 
gas-rich  regions like Africa, Brazil, Middle East,  Azerbaijan,  Argentina 
and China. Indian Fertilizer companies are also exploring possibilities  of 
setting  up projects in some of these regions. The IC sees  good  potential 
for  EO/EG & Methanol plant equipment in China. In the backdrop  of  rising 
coal prices vis-a-vis lower price of gas, the IC sees prospects in the  GTL 
market.

In the Nuclear Equipment business, post Fukushima, there is likely to be  a 
demand  spurt for Spent Fuel storage equipment and increased  opportunities 
for decommissioning of Generation II plants.

The  enhanced  budget allocation for defence and the first wave  of  "Make" 
programmes and "Buy & Make Indian" programmes in Defence, the IC sees major 
opportunities in co-development to be followed by co-production over medium 
to  long  term.  The recent Government guidelines  for  establishing  joint 
ventures  by  Defence  Public Sector  undertakings  in  the  Public-Private 
Partnership mode usher in a range of opportunities to the IC.

With superior technology, state of the art manufacturing facilities, HE  IC 
is well-poised to tap upcoming business opportunities.

Electrical & Automation IC:

Overview:

Electrical & Automation (EA) IC includes low and medium voltage  switchgear 
products,  electrical  systems, energy meters, automation solutions  and  a 
stand-alone strategic business unit - Medical Equipment & Systems.

A major strength of EAIC is its in-house design and development center  for 
switchgear as well as tooling facility that designs and manufactures a wide 
range of high precision tools, a pre-requisite for high quality products.

The  manufacturing operations of EAIC are located at Mumbai  (Powai),  Navi 
Mumbai,  Ahmednagar,  Coimbatore,  Vadodara and Mysore  in  India  and  its 
subsidiary  companies  have  facilities in Saudi Arabia,  UAE  (Jabel  Ali, 
Dubai), Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia outside India.

EA  IC comprises of two Strategic Business Groups (SBGs)-Products  SBG  and 
Projects SBG. Product SBG has two Business Units (BUs) -namely,  Electrical 
Standard  Products  (ESP)  and Metering &  Protection  System  (MPS)  while 
Projects  SBG  has  Electrical  Systems & Equipment  (ESE)  and  Control  & 
Automation (C&A).

Business Environment:

The  businesses of the IC witnessed subdued industrial demand  in  domestic 
and  international  markets,  volatile commodity  prices,  tight  liquidity 
conditions and stiff competition.

While  certain stronghold sectors of ESP business such as textile,  telecom 
and  sugar  industries slowed down, agricultural, agro-based  industry  and 
electrical  sectors witnessed good growth. The demand from Tier 2-3  cities 
and  retail segment also showed improvements. The market for energy  meters 
grew with good demand for single phase and 3-phase meters.

In  spite  of  these odds, EAIC managed to earn  double-digit  growth,  and 
worked  around achieving excellence in many operational areas in  order  to 
maintain its competitive capabilities.

Significant Initiatives:

Meters`  manufacturing  reached  a  new high as  the  single  phase  meters 
production  touched  3.1 million as against 2.45 million  in  the  previous 
year.  During the year, development of pre-paid meters and smart meters  as 
well  as integration of radio modules for facilitating collection  of  data 
over mesh network was also initiated.

In the Medium Voltage category, the domestic sales more than doubled during 
the   period  2011-2012.  Tamco  Malaysia  qualified  for   Achilles   (UK) 
certification,  made  an  entry  into  Philippines  and  Vietnam   markets, 
qualified  in  Kuwait  and  Iraq, received Petronas  approval  for  its  MV 
products  and  executed its first order for 31.5kA AIS at  Lusail  City  in 
Qatar.

The  switchboards and automation teams bagged an order of US $  22  million 
for  supply  of  switchboards  and  telecommunications  package   including 
transmission  network and CCTV monitoring for an inter  refinery  pipelines 
project in Abu Dhabi.

The IC participated in technology and automation conclaves and  exhibitions 
such  as  ELECRAMA  and ACETECH for improving visibility  of  its  numerous 
products and solutions. A major initiative was taken towards expanding  the 
manufacturing  operation and a new manufacturing facility was  commissioned 
at Vadodara for the commercial production of Moulded Case Circuit  Breakers 
(MCCBs).

The Medical BU launched Sky view, a web-based system for remote  monitoring 
and  a  compact  rugged pulse oximetry to complement its  position  in  the 
oximetry  market.  On the Electro-surgery front the  addition  of  advanced 
vessel sealing feature completes the offering.

Initiatives  on  spreading  a culture  of  operational  excellence  through 
continual  improvements continued under the banner of `ELITE`,  an  acronym 
for IC`s Lean Initiative towards Excellence. These were Lean-5S, VSM, Value 
Engineering, Six Sigma, PFMEA and TPM-JH.

The  IC  undertook Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to improve the  flow  of  all 
operating  processes. As many as 71 VSM projects were implemented. Like  in 
the previous years, the IC was successful in achieving significant  savings 
on  account  of Value Engineering (VE) and majority of  the  projects  were 
focused  on  reduction  in material consumption. In  an  effort  to  reduce 
customer  complaints  and  defects at source, Six Sigma was  used.  The  IC 
started   two  more  initiatives  in  2011-2012  namely  Total   Productive 
Maintenance  (TPM)  for machines and Process Failure Mode  Effect  Analysis 
(PFMEA) for identifying potential defects during the course and  addressing 
them well before they surface.

The  IC currently has 173 Green Belts, 62 Black Belts and 14  Master  Black 
Belts  in Six Sigma category, 125 VSM trained resources in Lean  initiative 
and 27 AVS (Associate Value Specialists) in VE.

ESP  has  covered  its key suppliers under CRISIL  rating  to  judge  their 
performance   capability   and  financial  strength.  After   winning   the 
prestigious  Ram Krishna Bajaj National Quality Award (RBNQA), the  BU  has 
now started its journey on challenging the Deming award.

C&A  received  prestigious  Indian  Merchant  Chambers  Ramakrishna   Bajaj 
National  Quality  Award "Performance Excellence Trophy  2011"  in  Service 
Category. Similarly, its Unnati facility was awarded BEE 4 Star rating  for 
energy conservation.

Engineered Tooling Solutions (ETS), won the India Manufacturing  Excellence 
Award (IMEA) Platinum award instituted by Frost & Sullivan.

Design and development of new products has always been the focus of the IC. 
It  launched a number of products and variants in  Controlgear,  Powergear, 
Industrial automation and Building automation categories to meet the  needs 
of  discerning  customers. In the space of electrical systems  control  and 
automation,  the  IC  launched  a number of  products  and  solutions  that 
addressed the aspects of safety, environment and innovation.

In  2011-2012,  ESP  launched Moulded Case Circuit  Breakers  (MCCBs)  with 
Matrix  release  which offers wide range of flexibility in  protection  and 
current metering with add-on modules for display. Compact & cost  effective 
versions  of  MCCBs  viz. DN0, DN1 & DU250 were also added  to  ESP  basket 
during  the year. ESP has started offering standard solution  for  reactive 
power  compensation.  In Medium Voltage segment, 11kv & 33 kv  panels  were 
introduced through ESP channel. In the industrial automation category,  ESP 
launched A1000 AC drive with embedded crane control software for EOT  crane 
hoist application and L1000 drive for elevator industry.

In  residential  and commercial segments, ORIS offers a complete  range  of 
modular  switches designed using high quality fire retardant  polycarbonate 
and  high performance electrical components that ensure a very  long  life. 
Environmental  care  is  embedded  into the design by  way  of  low  energy 
consuming  SMD LED for all indications / footlights, ROHS compliance of  GI 
wall box.

The  IC introduced T-ERA range of switchboards that highlighted safety  and 
reliability  through its compact design and saving of space,  total  closed 
door  operation,  racking  of  the breaker without  door  opening,  an  arc 
resistant design and clearances higher than those required by standards. It 
is  also  built  to  simplify communications  solutions  and  provide  user 
customization  through fully interchangeable modules. A  new,  indigenously 
developed motor protection relay, MCOMP, with capability of protecting  all 
motors  from  lower to the highest ratings was launched. It  is  the  first 
relay  to  be  certified  by Profibus International and  will  help  IC  to 
consolidate its leadership in the Indian technology race.

To  highlight its capability in the automation space, the IC brought out  a 
software  based  Resource Management  Solution.  i-Visionmax  Resourze-that 
would help facilities to monitor, report and take conversation measures for 
energy,  water, electricity and gas. In the field of renewable  energy,  it 
developed  new  products  solutions for solar  thermal  and  photo  voltaic 
systems.  Other software based solutions such as i-Visionmax PMS for  Power 
Management and i-Visionmax I-TAS for Terminal Automation were  successfully 
implemented at various sites.

Ship  Lift  Control  System was designed for the first time  in  India  and 
deployed  successfully  at  LTSB  shipyard at  Kattupalli.  The  system  is 
designed  for  68  numbers of closed loop vector  controlled  hoist  Drives 
controlled in a synchronous manner with high position accuracy using state-
of-the-art  redundant Automation System. The control system takes  care  of 
all possible failure modes to ensure platform stability at all times.

In the medium voltage category, Tamco developed as many as 33 new products, 
completed  the type test for 40kA AIS family (lowest  width),  successfully 
tested the most compact 12/24kV GIS and the cost competitiveness design  of 
36kV AIS.

In  2011-2012,  the  IC  filed  162  patents  applications,  16   trademark 
applications,  10  design  registrations and 9 Copyrights  as  well  as  10 
international patent applications through PCT (Patent Cooperation  Treaty). 
This  was  the  5th consecutive year that the IC has filed  more  than  100 
patent applications.

Continuous  efforts  on IP creation and its management earned  the  IC  the 
highest awards in patents filing and design registration, instituted by the 
Indian Patents Office.

Outlook:

With Government`s focus on Agricultural sector, the growth momentum in Agri 
segment is expected to continue. Some of the industry segments like  Steel, 
Cement,  Sugar  & other agro-based industries are likely  to  see  enhanced 
growth  which will benefit ESP business. Some of our focused  International 
markets have also started showing signs of recovery. Retail segment is also 
expected  to  continue the growth momentum. It is also  expected  that  the 
energy  consumption for commercial and residential applications  will  grow 
that  will  trigger  a positive growth for ESP  business.  Most  electrical 
systems are expected to use automation-in industries, buildings & homes for 
greater control, comfort and convenience. ESP is well-positioned to capture 
these opportunities.

Meter market is expected to grow albeit at a lower rate than 2011-2012. The 
market  will  witness  a  technology change with  utilities  more  open  to 
obtaining  data from remote. This will increase the requirement for  meters 
with built-in radio.

Machinery & Industrial Products IC:

Overview:

Machinery & Industrial Products (MIP) IC comprises three Strategic Business 
Groups  (SBGs)-Construction  & Mining Machinery, Industrial  Machinery  and 
Industrial Products.

Construction & Mining Machinery SBG:

Construction  &  Mining  Machinery  SBG markets  and  renders  support  for 
Construction  & Mining Equipment. The SBG comprises Construction  &  Mining 
Business  Unit  (CMB) which markets Equipment manufactured  by  L&T-Komatsu 
Limited,  India  and the entire range of Equipment available  from  Komatsu 
worldwide.  CMB  also  represents Scania, Sweden for  their  Mining  Tipper 
Trucks.  L&T-Komatsu  Limited (LTK) is a 50:50 joint  venture  between  the 
Company  and Komatsu that manufactures Hydraulic Excavators  and  Hydraulic 
Components, all of which are distributed in India by CMB.

Industrial Machinery SBG:

Industrial  Machinery  SBG  consists  of  Machinery  for  Paper  and  Pulp, 
Crushing, Mining and Mineral processing industries, Steel, Rubber & Plastic 
Processing   Industries  and  also  castings  for  Wind  power  and   other 
engineering sectors. Industrial Machinery SBG comprises of Rourkela  Campus 
Kansbahal plant, Foundry business unit, Rubber Processing Machinery Unit.

Rourkela  Campus,  which  includes  Kansbahal  Plant,  undertakes   Design, 
Manufacturing  & Marketing of Mineral Crushing Solutions  (Limestone,  Coal 
and other minerals), Surface Miners, Specialised Equipment for Steel Plants 
(such  as  Torpedo  Ladle Cars) and Machinery for  Paper  &  Pulp.  Foundry 
Business  Unit comprises two foundries, one at Coimbatore and the other  at 
Kansbahal in Rourkela Campus.

The state-of-the-art Casting Manufacturing Unit at Coimbatore has an annual 
capacity  of 30,000 T to manufacture large sized SG Iron and  special  Iron 
castings  for  Wind power and other Engineering sectors.  The  Foundry  can 
produce castings in the weight range of 3T to 28T each.

The  other  Foundry operates at Kansbahal Works, Orissa  (Rourkela  Campus) 
manufacturing  Steel,  Alloy Iron, SG Iron & Grey Iron  castings  and  also 
addresses  requirement  of large Wear and Abrasion resistant  castings  for 
Power and Cement sectors.

Industrial  Machinery  SBG also includes LTM Business  Unit  (LTMBU)  which 
manufactures and markets Rubber Processing Machinery for the tyre  industry 
across  the  globe.  Currently, the Unit has  manufacturing  facilities  at 
Manapakkam, Chennai and Kancheepuram near Chennai.

The IC has set up through the subsidiary companies manufacturing facilities 
for various businesses such as Rubber Processing Machinery, Internal  Mixes 
and  Twin  Screw  Roller  Head Extruders  for  Tyre  Industry  and  Plastic 
Injection Moulding Machines.

Industrial Products SBG:

Industrial  Products (IP) SBG consists of businesses related to  Industrial 
Valves,  Welding  Equipment  &  Products and  Cutting  tools.  The  IP  SBG 
comprises Valves business and Industrial Cutting Tool business.

Valves Business Unit (VBU) markets valves and allied products  manufactured 
by  Audco India Limited (AIL), a JV Company and Larsen &  Toubro  (Jiangsu) 
Valve  Company  Limited  (LTJVCL), China, a Subsidiary Company  and  a  few 
Indian & Overseas manufacturers. VBU is one of the few select suppliers  of 
valves for global oil majors.

The  IC  has also set up Valves Manufacturing Unit (VMU) in  Coimbatore  is 
responsible  for  manufacturing  of Valves for  Power  Sector  through  its 
Manufacturing  Plant  at Coimbatore as well as  Contract  Manufacturing  of 
Valves  in  ranges  not  fully supported  by  AIL;  besides  providing  the 
technology support for new product development of Valves.

MIP  IC has under its fold the business of welding products housed in  EWAC 
Alloys   Limited  (EWAC),  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  L&T.  It   has 
manufacturing  facilities at Powai and Ankleshwar. The  principal  products 
and services comprise Maintenance & Repair (M&R) consumables, specification 
grade electrodes, flux-cored welding wires, wear plates/parts, welding  and 
cutting equipment, Terro Cote Lab services etc.

Industrial  Cutting Tools (INP) Business of MIP IC provides  metal  cutting 
solutions  to  the  Indian  manufacturing  industry  covering   automobile, 
engineering  and  machine  tool segments through  marketing  of  Industrial 
Cutting tools manufactured by ISCAR Limited, Israel.

Product  Development  Center (PDC) of MIP IC based  at  Coimbatore  renders 
Engineering  and Product Development support across all the  businesses  of 
the IC.

Business Environment:

The  Construction Equipment Industry has sustained the performance  largely 
on  account  of the road sector and general construction  activities.  IC`s 
foray  into large size Mining Equipment has been successfully  received  by 
the market and the business is strengthening its position in this market.

Capacity  additions  in  Indian Cement and Power  Sector  during  2011-2012 
helped realise revenue growth for Kansbahal`s Industrial Machinery business 
through  supply  of Limestone and Coal Crushing Plants.  Adoption  of  more 
energy-efficient  processes  in Indian Steel industry  also  saw  continued 
demand  for Torpedo Ladle Cars. Renewed focus by the State  Governments  on 
non-conventional   energy  has  favoured  investment  in   wind   turbines. 
Automotive  and  Engineering Sectors fared better and  showed  good  growth 
during  2011-2012  resulting  in better performance in both  our  EWAC  and 
Cutting tools business.

The  year  2011-2012 saw slowing down of the domestic market due  to  over-
capacity in the conventional Car & Truck tyre market. However, the domestic 
market  experienced  green field investment in Off-the  Road  tyre.  Rubber 
Machinery  Business  secured  a large order for  OTR  tyre  curing  presses 
against  tough  Chinese  competition for  this  project.  Rubber  Machinery 
Business  has  been successful in getting project orders from some  of  the 
Japanese and European tyre companies for supplies to their sites in  Brazil 
and  Russia.  LTM  BU  moved to 8th Rank in  the  Global  Rubber  Machinery 
business in 2011-2012 from 13th Rank a year ago. LTM BU continues to  enjoy 
a  majority market share in the domestic market and over 10% share  in  the 
Global market for the Tyre Curing Presses.

Sustained  oil & gas project activity in the Middle East, North Africa  and 
Australia   provided  good  opportunity  for  Valves  Business.   Long-term 
relationships  with key end-users and EPCs in the Middle East and Far  East 
were leveraged to enhance our market presence. However project  investments 
in  North America and Europe continued to be sluggish. Though  activity  in 
domestic mid & downstream oil & gas segments were low, fertilizer and power 
sectors  offered potential for the valves business. The renewed  thrust  in 
the  projects  has  helped the IC achieve the projected  order  booking  by 
closely working with EPCs. With rationalized product portfolio, IC has been 
able   to  address  the  Power  segment  requirements  in  India  and   get 
breakthrough order for Ultra High Pressure valves (above #2500 rating)  for 
the supercritical power plant in India. Valves business also expanded  into 
new segment of defence.

Despite the slow down in the mining activity in India during the year 2011-
2012,  CMB managed to maintain its leadership position in the  Construction 
and  Mining Equipment Market. During the year 2011-2012, CMB increased  its 
presence  in large size mining machinery arena by supplying more  than  100 
dump trucks of various sizes.

Significant Initiatives:

During  the  year 2011-2012, the businesses of MIP IC  have  taken  various 
initiatives to enhance the product range and increase the market share.

CMB has been able to expand its after-sales support capability through long 
term  full  maintenance  contracts  and site  support  agreements  for  its 
products  to help improve machine uptime and capping operating  costs  thus 
helping customers in improving their competitive position.

A  new assembly line for Wheel Loader manufacture within the existing  shop 
at  KBL  was put up. The first set of Wheel Loaders have  been  tested  and 
proven under rigorous application areas.

As an initiative to widen the product range and to strengthen the  position 
of  L&T  Tyre  machinery  globally, a Joint venture  has  been  formed  for 
providing world class Internal Mixers and Twin Screw Extruders. The IC also 
introduced  new range of Tyre Building machines to cater to Truck and  Off-
the-road tyre markets.

L&T`s Valves expanded approvals from key oil companies in the international 
market. This year, international valves sales network has been strengthened 
with personnel posted in key growing markets such as Middle East and  South 
Africa. Market coverage of domestic channel business has been  strengthened 
with  appointment of new distributors as well as field force. Key  products 
were   evaluated   and  certified  for  Safety  Integrity  Level   as   per 
international standards.

With  new  generation  ball and  butterfly  valves  replacing  conventional 
products,  IC  has built design and manufacturing capabilities  to  address 
this  challenge.  Prototype  trials have been  successfully  completed  and 
initial orders secured.

Efforts towards developing new products, such as mobile crushers & screens, 
all-electric  injection moulding machine and tyre curing presses,  continue 
at Product Development Center at Coimbatore.

Over the last year, many new products in drilling, milling and turning have 
been  launched  successfully  in the market. These  new  introductions  are 
expected to enhance the competitive position and build market share for the 
business.

Outlook:

With  renewed focus on infrastructure development in India, the demand  for 
Hydraulic Excavators is expected to improve.

The  Mining Equipment business will continue to see a growth on account  of 
investments  being made both in the public and private sectors  to  augment 
coal  production.  The demand for metals like iron ore, zinc etc.  is  also 
expected   to  help  growth  of  this  business  segment.   Resolution   of 
environmental  concerns and land acquisition issues by the government  hold 
the  key for business prospects from the mining sector. CMB is well  placed 
to  take advantage of the available opportunities through supply  of  large 
size  Mining  Equipment  both  to the public  and  private  coal  producing 
companies.

Demand for Industrial Machinery from Mineral Processing and  Infrastructure 
segments  continue  to  show  an upward trend. This  should  give  us  good 
business opportunities for KBL in our Crushing & Screening segment as  well 
as Wheel Loaders.

In  the  year 2012-2013, it is expected that the  Domestic  Tyre  Companies 
would reach full utilization of installed capacity and may look for further 
expansion opportunities.

Augmentation  in  power generation and distribution capacity  in  India  is 
expected to provide promising prospects to the Valves business.

Overall,  moderate  improvement  in the Industrial growth  indices  in  the 
coming year are expected to enable our businesses to register better growth 
trends.

Integrated Engineering Services:

Overview:

Integrated  Engineering Services (IES) has registered a three year CAGR  of 
51% and is today acknowledged as one of the emerging leaders in the  Indian 
Engineering Research and Development (ER&D) service segment. Recent analyst 
studies on Global Service Provider Ranking for 2011 have positioned IES  as 
highest   amongst  the  pure  play  Engineering  Services  companies.   For 
Industrial  Products  Domain, IES has been ranked in the  Leadership  Zone. 
This  is  a true reflection of our commitment to be on the  fast  track  of 
being the "BEST" in engineering outsourcing service industry.

IES head office is at Vadodara, India with design centers located in cities 
of  Vadodara,  Bengaluru,  Chennai, Mysore and Mumbai.  IES  has  a  global 
footprint with offices in the US, Europe, Middle East and Asia Pacific.

IES`s  service  offerings include product  design,  analysis,  prototyping,   
testing,   embedded   system  design,  manufacturing   engineering,   plant 
engineering  &  construction management and  asset  information  management 
using  cutting-edge Computer Aided Design / Computer Aided Manufacturing  / 
Computer Aided Engineering technology in various domains. IES has supported 
innovation through co-authoring of over 70 patents.

IES  has  alliances and partnerships with AUTOSAR (Automotive  Open  System 
Architecture),  National  Instruments, Intel, GENIVI.  IES  maintains  high 
quality  and data security standards. IES was the first in the world  which 
received  ISO/IEC  27001:2005  certification  for  IT  Security  Management 
Systems. IES is an ISO 9001:2008 and a CMMI level 5 certified organization.

IES  has marquee clientele in automotive, aerospace,  industrial  products, 
medical  devices, consumer electronics, consumer packed goods, oil  &  gas, 
etc. and over 30 of its clients are Fortune 500 companies.

Business Environment:

Analysts are highly optimistic on the prospects of outsourcing business  to 
India.  With  the economic slowdown, there is a pressure  on  American  and 
European  companies  to leverage outsourcing for getting  the  benefits  of 
value added services and cost arbitrage.

Engineering  Research & Development (ER&D) outsourcing to India  has  shown 
remarkable growth from $8.3 Bn in 2009 to $11.3 Bn in 2011. The Engineering 
Outsourcing market to India is expected to grow to $ 40-$ 45 billion by the 
year 2020 with a CAGR of 16%. (Source: Nasscom)

Engineering  Service  Industry  is on the cusp  of  a  significant  change, 
shifting  to knowledge-intensive and value-added services that call  for  a 
new way of functioning. Besides cost arbitrage, the need to scale  rapidly, 
greater focus on core competencies, enhanced productivity, competition  and 
reduced time to market are driving the business.

Revenue from North America contributes 70% of the total revenues, the  visa 
policies of North America especially USA, therefore, have maximum impact on 
IES`s  business.  To  minimize  this  effect  and  to  meet  the   business 
requirements, IES is also recruiting local talent.

IES  being in an export oriented service business, any fluctuation  in  the 
foreign   currency  exchange  rate  has  a  considerable  impact   on   its 
performance.  IES  has  undertaken  a range of  measures  like  hedging  to 
minimize these exchange fluctuation impact.

ER&D  outsourcing sector is predominantly a project based business. IES  is 
actively working to increase its annuity business portfolio and some of the 
significant  long  term contracts won during the year are  a  testimony  to 
that.

A  significant  growth in ER&D market will be in the  industry  sectors  of 
Transportation,  Industrial Products and Plant Engineering.  These  sectors 
together  will  account for more than 70% of ER&D market. IES  is  uniquely 
positioned  to  have strong presence in each of these industry  sectors  as 
compared to our domestic and international competitors.

Significant Initiatives:

IES  has taken significant initiatives towards propelling its growth so  as 
to grab the opportunity with a focus on Transportation, Industrial Products 
and Plant Engineering verticals.

* IES is strategically focused on Solutioneering and Menu Card approach  in 
delivering to customers

*  Efforts have been taken to develop analytical  engineering  capabilities 
among the resources in IES

* Significant investments have been made in Tools, Test labs, Licenses  and 
in Tear down studios

* Focused HR team to nurture & acquire talent in IES and to bring  personal 
& professional development in the organization resources.

*  IES has identified high growth potential clients and the action plan  to 
nurture and grow the relationship with them for long term benefits

*  IES  is  seeing significant potential in new  geographies  like  Russia, 
Eastern Europe, Australia, Africa, Mexico and Brazil. Sales force is  being 
setup  for  these regions for building momentum in the revenue  from  these 
regions.

*  Actively  working on acquiring a suitable prospect  for  increasing  its 
services portfolio base in key industry segments.

Outlook:

Global trends in the economy today motivate the people in general to invest 
in  businesses  which  have  been growing  significantly  over  the  years. 
Engineering Services is one such industry. During the current fiscal  year, 
IES  has  been able to achieve a revenue growth of 60%. To  cater  to  this 
growth, IES has added more than 1200 employees in the year and more than 50 
clients including 15 fortune 500 companies.

With  the initiatives taken in 2011-2012, actions planned in the next  year 
and  addition of new geographies, IES is confident of achieving  impressive 
growth in the 2012-2013.

Financial Review 2011-2012 L&T Standalone:

I. SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE IN A CHALLENGING ENVIRONMENT:

Good revenue growth, healthy order book, enhanced profit and strong balance 
sheet are the highlights of the Company`s performance during 2011-2012.

The  Company  garnered fresh orders amounting to Rs. 70574  crore,  despite 
decelerating  growth momentum across the sectors in India during  the  year 
2011-2012.  Order Inflow includes proportionate share in  Integrated  Joint 
Ventures. Lower GDP growth, policy uncertainties and rising borrowing costs 
led  to  deferment of various order prospects during  the  year  2011-2012. 
Moreover,  stiff competition from international and domestic players  posed 
considerable  challenges  in converting available  prospects  into  orders. 
Still   Buildings  &  Factories,  Infrastructure,  Power   Transmission   & 
Distribution  and Metallurgical & Material Handling businesses  contributed 
significantly  to  the order inflows during the year.  International  order 
inflow at Rs. 12909 crore during the year 2011-2012 recorded an increase of 
62%  aided  by  concerted business development  initiatives  undertaken  in 
select geographies.

The Order Book including share in Integrated Joint Ventures at the close of 
the  year  was  healthy at Rs. 145723 crore. Proven  track  record  in  the 
various  business segments, enhanced capacities and sector  specific  focus 
enabled the Company to achieve CAGR of 20% in its order book over the  last 
3 years.

Revenue from Operations:

Gross Revenue from Operations for the year at Rs. 53738 crore registered  a 
growth of 21% over 2010-2011 on the back of healthy Order Book at the start 
of  the  year.  Most  of the projects  progressed  well  as  scheduled,  in 
particular,  EPC  Power, Buildings & Factories and  Hydrocarbon  businesses 
contributed  significantly  to the Company`s Revenue  growth.  The  product 
businesses,  however,  recorded  a modest revenue  increase  with  sluggish 
industrial  off-take during the year 2011-2012. International Revenue  grew 
by  38%,  constituting  12% of the total  Revenue,  mostly  contributed  by 
various  projects  under execution in Power  Transmission  &  Distribution, 
Infrastructure  and  Oil  &  Gas sectors in  GCC  countries  and  sales  by 
Integrated Engineering Services business.

A  compounded  annual  growth  in Revenue of 20% over  the  last  3  years, 
reflects consistent good performance delivered over the years.

Operating Cost:

Manufacturing,  Construction and Operating expenses for the year  2011-2012 
amounted to Rs. 41020 crore, translating into 77.1% of the Net Revenue.  As 
compared to the previous year, these costs increased by 90 basis points  as 
the prices of key inputs were higher in the year 2011-2012.

The  Staff Expenses for the year 2011-2012 at Rs. 3663 crore  increased  by 
29.4%  as  compared  to the previous year, representing  6.9%  of  the  Net 
Revenue. There was a net addition of 3637 employees during the year  mainly 
to  support  higher  level  of activities  in  Engineering  &  Construction 
businesses  and  Integrated Engineering Services  business.  The  Company`s 
manpower strength stood at 48754 as at March 31, 2012.

Sales, Administration & Other expenses for 2011-2012 at Rs. 2204 crore were 
contained at 4.1% of Net Revenue as against 4.5% for 2010-2011,  reflecting 
a  saving  of  40  basis points, largely  arising  out  of  lower  warranty 
provisions,  reduction  in packing & forwarding expenses  and  decrease  in 
losses  of  Integrated Joint Ventures. The Sales,  Administration  &  Other 
expenses  for the year 2011-2012 comprised higher net exchange loss of  Rs. 
459 crore largely arising from MTM valuation of exposures vis-a-vis Rs. 193 
crore  for  the previous year, as INR weakened  significantly  against  USD 
during the year.

Depreciation & Amortization charge:

Depreciation  and  amortisation charge for the year 2011-2012  at  Rs.  699 
crore increased by 37% over the previous year reflecting the full impact of 
the additions to the fixed assets carried out in the previous year and part 
impact of the additions made during 2011-2012.

Other Income:

Other  Income for 2011-2012 amounted to Rs. 1338 crore as against Rs.  1147 
crore for the previous year. Dividends from Group companies during the year 
amounted  to  Rs. 408 crore as against Rs. 229 crore earned  in  2010-2011. 
Temporary  surplus  funds invested in low  risk,  largely  interest-bearing 
short term investments, earned an income of Rs. 723 crore in 2011-2012 vis-
a-vis  Rs.  516 crore in the previous year. The yield on  these  short-term 
investments was 8.90%.

During  the year, the Company divested its part stake in  Raykal  Aluminium 
Company Private Limited, a subsidiary company at an exceptional gain of Rs. 
55  crore  (net  of  tax  Rs. 43 crore).  The  previous  year  included  an 
exceptional gain of Rs. 262 crore (net of tax Rs. 211 crore).

Finance cost:

Interest  expense for 2011-2012 amounted to Rs. 666 crore with  an  average 
borrowing cost of 7.8% p.a. as against 8.0% p.a. for the previous year. The 
Company`s  loan  portfolio  is carefully balanced  with  a  combination  of 
suitably  hedged  foreign  currency loans and domestic  loans,  tied-up  at 
appropriate  times.  This  has enabled the Company to  reduce  its  average 
borrowing  cost,  despite  weak INR, tight liquidity  conditions  and  high 
interest rates regime that prevailed throughout the year.

Profit after tax and EPS:

Profit  after  Tax  (PAT) for the year  2011-2012  from  normal  operations 
excluding  exceptional  and  extraordinary items stood at  Rs.  4413  crore 
recording  an  increase  of  20% over the PAT of Rs.  3676  crore  for  the 
previous year.

Overall  PAT  including extraordinary and exceptional items, for  the  year 
2011-2012  was Rs. 4457 crore vis-a-vis Rs. 3958 crore for the  year  2010-
2011.

The Earnings per Share (EPS) excluding exceptional and extraordinary  items 
for 2011-2012 at Rs. 72.22 improved by 19% over the previous year.

Over a period of last 3 years, PAT registered a compound growth of 18%.

Funds Employed and Returns:

With  continued  thrust  on capacity  augmentation,  the  Company  invested 
Rs.1730  crore in 2011-2012 mainly to acquire various plant  and  equipment 
for  the  businesses  in  Engineering  and  Construction  segment  and  for 
expansion  of  the Modular Fabrication Yard at Kattupalli,  Tamilnadu.  The 
manufacturing facilities at Vadodara and Ahmednagar for the Electrical  and 
Electronics   business  segment  are  being  ramped  up  to   improve   the 
competitiveness of the business.

Gross Working capital as at March 31, 2012 was Rs.39287 crore, representing 
73.1%  of  sales vis-a-vis 71.5% as at the end of the  previous  year.  The 
increase  was mainly due to increase in customer receivables. Net  Customer 
Receivables as at the end of the year stood at Rs. 18730 crore,  reflecting 
127  Days  of Sales, higher by 25 Days sales over the  previous  year.  The 
customer  receivables  as  on  March  31,  2012  included  Rs.12393   crore 
contractually  not  due.  The  balance  customer  receivables  which   were 
contractually due as on March 31, 2012 have increased by 7 days sales  over 
the previous year.

Net  Working capital as at March 31, 2012 also increased over the  previous 
year  due to lower advances from customers, as anticipated orders were  not 
received.

During  the  year,  fresh investments of Rs. 1684 crore were  made  in  the 
equity   shares  of  subsidiary,  joint  venture  &  associate   companies. 
Investments in terms of loans, intercorporate deposits and advances against 
equity  to the subsidiary & associate companies stood at Rs. 3541 crore  as 
on  March  31, 2012 vis-a-vis Rs. 2440 crore as on March  31,  2011.  Major 
investments  have  been  made in Developmental  Projects  business,  Realty 
business and in the Ship Building subsidiary company.

Accordingly,  the overall Funds Employed by the Company at Rs. 35252  crore 
as  at  March  31,  2012 increased by Rs. 5981 crore  as  compared  to  the 
previous year end position.

Return  on Net Worth (RONW) for the year 2011-2012 is at 18.8%  as  against 
18.3% for the previous year. Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) for the year 
2011-2012  is  at 15.1% quite close to the ROCE of 15.0% for  the  previous 
year.  The  new  facilities  created in the recent  past  for  the  various 
businesses  of  the  Company, are yet to reach  their  optimum  utilization 
levels.  Moreover,  the  investments  in  emerging  businesses  housed   in 
subsidiary  companies  such as shipbuilding, power  development  and  heavy 
forgings are in the construction stage. Many of the BOT projects are either 
in the construction stage or in their early phase of commercial operations. 
As  a result, the increase in net earnings is moderate as compared  to  the 
addition to net funds employed, leading to muted return profile.

Economic  Value  Added from normal operations stands positive  at  Rs.  430 
crore  for  2011-2012. The trend during the past three years  reflects  the 
investment phase for the company.

Liquidity & Gearing:

During  the year 2011-2012 the cash accruals from operations were lower  at 
Rs. 1082 crore as compared to the previous year, mainly due to increase  in 
net  working  capital, despite higher net earnings.  The  Company  incurred 
capital expenditure of Rs.1730 crore and made investment in group companies 
of  Rs. 2139 crore. Fresh borrowings and proceeds from sale of  short  term 
investments  supplemented  the  accruals  from  operations  to  fund  these 
investments.

During  the  year 2011-2012, some of the expensive loans  were  repaid  and 
fresh loans were raised at relatively lower interest rates.

Liquidity & capital resources:
                                                              Rs. crore
                                             2011-20121       2010-2011

Cash & bank balance at the start of year           1730            1432

Add: Net cash provided/(used) by :

Operating activities                               1082            3833

Capital expenditure                              (1730)          (1645)

Investments in group companies                   (2139)          (3077)

Other investing activities (Mainly dividend 
and interest income)                               1191            1119

Divestment proceeds                                 126             476

Proceeds from sale of short term investments        629             717

Financing Activities                               1016          (1125)

Cash & bank balance at the end of year             1905            1730

Net  additional  cashflow of Rs. 175 crore was generated  during  the  year 
2011-2012.

The  gross  Debt  Equity ratio as at March 31, 2012  was  0.39:1  vis-a-vis 
0.33:1  as at March 31, 2011. After adjusting investment in  liquid  funds, 
the Company virtually enjoys a debt-free status.

SEGMENT WISE PERFORMANCE: 

Engineering & Construction Segment (E & C):

E&C  segment achieved Gross Segment Revenue of Rs 46979 crore during  2011-
2012  registering  a  growth  of 23% over  the  previous  year,  driven  by 
satisfactory  progress  on  the jobs by Power, Buildings  &  Factories  and 
Hydrocarbon businesses. This revenue growth was achieved despite  deferment 
of  some of the anticipated orders and delays in obtaining clearances in  a 
few projects under execution.

During the year, the Segment secured orders totaling to Rs 63573 crore vis-
a-vis   order  inflow  of  Rs.  73602  crore  during  the  previous   year. 
International orders constituting 18% of the total order inflow grew by 70% 
over  the  previous year. The business environment was  highly  challenging 
during  the  year as investment momentum paused in  Power  sector,  intense 
competition  witnessed  in the Oil & Gas sector and policy  delays  led  to 
deferment of bidding process in Fertilizer and Defence sectors.

The  Order  Book of the Segment stood at a healthy Rs. 143448 crore  as  at 
March  31,  2012 with international orders constituting 12%  of  the  total 
order book.

The  composition of jobs under execution during 2011-2012 was dominated  by 
material  intensive  EPC Power jobs with relatively  lower,  albeit  steady 
margins. The job composition of other businesses of E&C Segment was  skewed 
towards  contracts in early stages of execution. Despite  unfavourable  job 
mix,  the  Segment  recorded Operating Margin of 12.6%  in  2011-2012  with 
efficient management of costs and superior execution capabilities.

Electrical & Electronics Segment:

Gross Segment Revenue of Electrical & Electronics business stood at Rs.3579 
crore  for  2011-2012 recording a moderate growth of 11.5% due  to  subdued 
industrial  demand and intense competition. International sales at Rs.  343 
crore registered 69% growth, driven by Electrical Systems & Equipment (ESE) 
business. International Sales revenue constituted 10% of the total  revenue 
as against 6% during the corresponding previous year.

The  businesses  of the Segment reeled under the pressure of  higher  input 
costs and intense competition. During the year 2011-2012, the EBITDA Margin 
of the Segment was 12.0% vis-a-vis 15.6% for the year 2010-2011.

Machinery & Industrial Products Segment (MIP):

The  MIP Segment recorded Gross Revenue of Rs. 2854 crore during  2011-2012 
vis-a-vis Revenue of Rs. 2793 crore for the previous year. The sales growth 
was moderate due to transfer of Welding Products Business (WPB) to a wholly 
owned subsidiary in July 2011. On like-to-like basis, excluding the revenue 
from  WPB which formed part of the total revenue in 2010-2011, the  Segment 
achieved growth of 10% in 2011-2012 over the previous year.

International  sales revenue during 2011-2012 at Rs. 448 crore  doubled  as 
compared  to Rs. 202 crore for 2010-2011 propelled by Valves  business  and 
Rubber Processing Machinery business of the Segment.

The  EBITDA Margin of the Segment at 18.4% declined during  2011-2012.  The 
Margin was adversely affected by higher input costs and unfavourable  sales 
mix.

"Others" Segment:

"Others"  Segment  includes  Integrated  Engineering  Services  (IES)   and 
Property  Development  businesses. The IES business dominates  the  Segment 
contributing 93% of the gross revenue.

IES  revenue  at  Rs. 891 crore in 2011-2012  recorded  impressive  revenue 
growth of 68% over the previous year. New customers and enhanced billing to 
existing flagship clients enabled IES business to record robust performance 
during the year.

IES  recorded  EBITDA  margin of 18.7% in 2011-2012,  marginally  lower  as 
compared to 19.4% for 2010-2011. Despite favourable foreign currency rates, 
the  EBITDA  margin was lower, due to large  capacity  addition  undertaken 
during the year to support future growth aspirations.

II. RISK MANAGEMENT:

The  company is predominantly engaged in the engineering  and  construction 
business  with a high dependence on the core sectors of the  economy.  With 
increasing  focus on international operations and extensive  assortment  of 
risks  associated  with  turnkey projects, our  long-term  success  largely 
depends on how effectively we identify and analyze the risks involved in  a 
project and manage them to our competitive advantage.

The  Company  strongly  believes that its Risk  Management  culture  should 
pervade the whole enterprise instead of being restricted to a few silos and 
has, therefore, actively pursued a uniform risk framework and understanding 
across  the organization. Continuing on this belief, besides  employing  an 
efficient  risk management structure in its main businesses of  engineering 
and construction, the company has also succeeded in establishing a  similar 
risk management structure in its product businesses, as well as in all  its 
major subsidiary companies.

The current slowdown in investment momentum witnessed in almost all sectors 
of  the economy, coupled with high inflation and interest  rates,  volatile 
financial  markets and delayed policy intervention are posing  considerable 
challenge  to the growth of the core sector with fewer projects  coming  up 
for capacity augmentation. The sluggish economy of the developed  countries 
has further intensified the competition with more number of foreign players 
vying  for  a share of the limited pie. Despite all these  challenges,  the 
company, by leveraging on its Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) culture  and 
past  record  of excellence in project execution, has been able  to  secure 
orders  against stiff domestic and international competition. On  strategic 
front,  opportunities  in international geographies and markets  are  being 
exploited to its fullest potential in order to counter the risk of business 
momentum slowdown in domestic markets of the company.

The key to successful project execution lies in timely completion and  cost 
management.  The well-established process of detailed pre-bid  risk  review 
not  only  helps  in  realistic  estimation  of  project  cost,  but   also 
facilitates  early  identification  of the key risks  in  the  project  and 
devising  informed  mitigation strategy. Once a project order is  won,  the 
process  of  risk review continues throughout the  project  lifecycle.  The 
project  team  and  business  heads, facilitated  by  the  risk  management 
committee, continuously monitor the impact of new risks emerging during the 
execution phase and take appropriate mitigation steps.

Information  technology plays a very important role in  achieving  business 
goals  and  hence it becomes essential for the company to have  sound  risk 
management  in  this  area.  The company  has  integrated  its  Information 
Security  initiatives  with  its  overall  risk  management  framework  and 
enhanced  such  security by deploying latest technology and  improving  the 
monitoring processes. Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery systems are 
constantly  upgraded  with  state-of-the-art  tools  for  replication,  and 
performing drills to ensure unhindered availability of data and systems  at 
all times.

Each  business group follows a well-documented risk management  policy  and 
procedures framed around the uniqueness of the businesses. Risk  Management 
offices  in  each  business  along  with  the  Corporate  Risk   Management 
representatives  actively participate in the risk review process  and  also 
continuously assess the ERM structure for improvements.

The  year  saw a sharp volatility of Indian Rupee against  US  Dollar.  The 
company has a well-defined hedging policy wherein a joint committee of  the 
respective  Business  Heads  and the Treasury  department  decides  on  the 
hedging strategy for all projects. This helps in effectively insulating the 
company against the risk of foreign exchange fluctuations.

A  significantly large part of the company`s business portfolio being  made 
up of project business, is exposed to a variety of risks. The large  volume 
of  procurement  and  sub-contracting across various  countries  poses  the 
challenge of appropriate cost estimation for long duration LSTK  contracts. 
Successful  implementation of international projects requires knowledge  of 
the   regulatory  and  taxation  laws  of  respective   countries.   Talent 
acquisition  in remote project sites becomes difficult in many  cases.  The 
risk management process gives a platform to discuss all such critical risks 
and  their  mitigation  plans  which in turn  brings  in  transparency  and 
predictability in the project management process.

The  company is a member of the Engineering & Construction  Risk  Institute 
(ECRI),  USA  and actively participates in training and  knowledge  sharing 
sessions  with its peers. As a part of risk assurance, the  company`s  risk 
management  policy and procedures are periodically reviewed and revised  to 
align with changing business needs and the demands of the new  organisation 
structure.  Corporate  Audit Service also conducts independent  reviews  of 
risk management processes to check their effectiveness. The Audit Committee 
of  the  Board  is  periodically  informed  about  the  significant  risks, 
functioning  of the risk management process and various  initiatives  taken 
for improvement in the risk management framework of the company.

Internal Controls:

The  growing  business activities and restructuring of  business  processes 
call  for  a  constant review of the efficacy  of  the  company`s  internal 
control mechanism. The company has an internal process for such a review to 
facilitate  formulation  and revision of policies and guidelines  to  align 
with the changing needs.

A  corporate  policy  on  internal  control  is  in  place  which  provides 
structured  framework  for identification,  rectification,  monitoring  and 
reporting  of internal control weaknesses in the company. Various  business 
segments  of  the  company  have also  created  well  documented  policies, 
authorization  guidelines  and standard operating procedures as  per  their 
business  requirements.  There is a separate process in the  company  which 
oversees the guidelines and implementation of internal controls in business 
processes.

Apart from having all policies, procedures and internal audit mechanism  in 
place,  the company also periodically engages an expert consulting firm  to 
carry  out an independent review of the effectiveness of  various  business 
processes.  The observations and good practices suggested are  reviewed  by 
the  Management  and  Audit Committee  and  appropriately  implemented  for 
strengthening the controls of various business processes.

The  effectiveness  of  internal control  mechanism  is  also  continuously 
reviewed  by  Corporate Audit Services. The statutory auditor,  during  the 
process  of  financial  audit, checks the internal  control  efficacy.  All 
significant  observations and corrective actions taken are reviewed by  the 
Management and Audit Committee of the Board.

III. FINANCIAL RISKS:

a) Capital Structure, Liquidity and Interest rate risks:

Over  the years, the Company`s strategy of keeping a  conservative  capital 
structure has positioned it well in managing the economic volatility and at 
the  same time, also providing the flexibility for funding growth. With  an 
objective  of  maintaining  a  healthy  credit  profile,  the  Company  has 
consciously  followed a policy of restricting its financial leverage.  This 
policy,  apart  from  contributing  to a  strong  balance  sheet,  provides 
flexibility for future fund raising options, which is of significance given 
the recent volatility in global markets.

The Company holds necessary levels of liquidity, judiciously deployed  into 
short  term  investments  in line with the corporate  treasury  policy.  In 
addition,  the  company  regularly assesses and maintains  other  means  of 
sourcing  liquidity, such as ready lines with the banking system and  quick 
access to capital markets. The company regularly evaluates the right levels 
of liquidity in line with business needs and economic factors.

To  manage interest rate risks, the Company uses a mix of fund-raising  and 
investment  products  across maturity profiles, and  adopts  various  tools 
approved under a robust risk management framework.

b) Foreign Exchange and Commodity Price Risks:

The  company is exposed to changes in foreign exchange rates and  commodity 
prices  across  its  various business segments. It also  has  exposures  to 
foreign currency denominated financial assets and liabilities. The business 
related  financial risks are to a reasonable extent, especially in case  of 
commodities,  managed contractually by inclusion of price pass  through  or 
variations clauses. The Company`s loan portfolio is managed both by  choice 
of  loan currency and by contracting appropriate treasury products, with  a 
view  to  balancing  risks while optimizing  borrowing  costs.  Appropriate 
hedging  tools  are  used  under the framework of  a  Board  approved  Risk 
Management Policy. Financial risks in each business portfolio are  measured 
and managed centrally. These risks are reviewed periodically and managed in 
line  with  the  objective laid out in the Risk Management  Policy  of  the 
Company.  The  process  is also subject to an annual review  by  the  Audit 
Committee.

IV. GETTING THE BEST OUT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR BUSINESS BENEFITS:

The  company  is of the firm belief that Information Technology  is  a  key 
enabler  for employee productivity and business efficiency. Every  business 
of  the company is well supported by an Enterprise Resource Planning  (ERP) 
system  to  carry  out  its business processes and  to  take  care  of  all 
transaction  processing  needs.  Most  businesses  have  niche  application 
systems  to complement the ERP and perform special functions to  provide  a 
competitive  advantage. During the year the company has also  deployed  CRM 
systems  for  marketing specific to the project business, PLM  systems  for 
better  connect  with bidding, engineering , execution and BI  systems  for 
providing  better  information  for decision making.  The  company  has  re 
architected  and upgraded its systems periodically to prevent  obsolescence 
and to ensure better business IT alignment.

The  use  of advanced networking and communications  has  facilitated  team 
collaboration,  with  savings in travel costs. IT infrastructure  has  been 
enhanced and expanded to provide reliability, security and availability.  A 
new state-of-the-art Data center at Powai has been one such initiative that 
was successfully completed during the year.

Modern   technology  initiatives  are  pursued  after  due   scrutiny   and 
evaluation;  a pilot deployment of mobile applications has been done  as  a 
prelude to more applications that are on the anvil. We see Cloud  computing 
emerging  as  a  major change in IT delivery model and in  sync  with  this 
trend,  the  foundations  for a Private Cloud are  being  built  that  will 
leverage  all the cloud computing models and technologies to reduce  costs, 
provide better performance and elastic capacity on demand.

The  IT  function  in the company continues to  focus  on  value  delivery, 
security, superior customer service and complete alignment with business as 
its cornerstones of performance.

V. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INITIATIVES:

A  sense of responsibility towards society and environment is  demonstrated 
through  our  culture of trust and caring. L&T has adopted  sound  business 
practices,  be  it  in  natural resources  management,  social  harmony  or 
corporate governance, the practices are in sync with our value system.

The   company  is  disclosing  the  economic,  environmental   and   social 
performance through Corporate Sustainability Reports since 2008 as per  GRI 
(Global Reporting Initiatives) guideline in public domain.

As  part of sustainability journey, L&T`s various businesses  have  adopted 
sustainability approach encompassing initiatives covering natural &  energy 
resource  conservation,  water  efficiency,  waste  reduction  and  product 
innovation.  This  is strengthened through commitment  of  top  management, 
robust processes and policy formulation.

The   company  actively  works  towards  development   of   underprivileged 
communities  especially  around  our area of  operations.  Mother  &  child 
health,  primary education and skill building are the key thrust areas  for 
community welfare.

Mechanisms to monitor and facilitate these developmental activities on  the 
social  front are systemic. L&T units and project sites are  encouraged  to 
undertake  programmes that benefit the community. Employee  volunteers  and 
spouses  of  employees are important drivers of our  community  development 
initiatives.  Through  a network of L&T units, offices  and  project  sites 
spread  across  the country we are able to reach a  significant  number  of 
beneficiaries of our social interventions.

The  company has put in place an Environmental and social  risk  management 
framework  to  proactively address environmental and social issues  in  the 
planning  stage of products & services. This ensures that negative  impacts 
on environment are mitigated or controlled effectively.

Since  2008,  L&T  has  been conducting carbon  footprint  mapping  of  its 
operations  that enables to determine the annual GHG emissions. This  level 
of  comprehensive  quantification  is helping  to  strategically  plan  and 
monitor our emission intensity.

At   L&T  our  objective  is  to  progressively  drive  design   expertise, 
operational efficiency and maintenance efforts towards cleaner and  greener 
technologies.  We have implemented many eco-friendly initiatives  such  as, 
`Zero wastewater Discharge Approach` and presently 15 of L&T locations have 
achieved  zero discharge status. All wastewater generated is  treated,  and 
reused within the units.

L&T`s  energy  conservation  practices  not  only  result  in   environment 
protection  but  also result in cost optimization. The company  focuses  on 
state  of  the  art technology, cleaner processes  and  propagating  energy 
optimization culture. Biodiversity conservation is consciously  implemented 
across  the company and we have done GIS based biodiversity  assessment  of 
key campuses.

The  Corporate  Social Initiatives (CSI) cell of the company  engages  with 
local  stakeholders,  community  leaders and NGOs to  identify  and  assess 
community needs, in order to plan and develop social interventions. The CSI 
apex  set-up based in Mumbai works closely with respective L&T  offices  to 
bring  in uniform approach, consistency, monitoring mechanism and to  scale 
up community initiatives across various locations.

The  Company`s  Working  on Wellness (WoW)  initiative  caters  to  overall 
employee  wellbeing while ensuring that a preventive and curative  approach 
is adopted for occupational health care.

SUBSIDIARIES & ASSOCIATES (S&A) PORTFOLIO:

Progressive Performance amidst Challenges:

Larsen  & Toubro continues to expand its Subsidiary &  Associate  companies 
portfolio  (hereafter  referred to as S&A companies) to  accelerate  growth 
momentum.  L&T  group  had 128 subsidiaries, 18  associates  and  14  Joint 
venture companies under its umbrella as on March 31, 2012.

L&T`s  S&A portfolio is further classified under the IC Business  structure 
based on its business risk-reward profile and the business segment to which 
it caters.

The following are the IC Groups under which the S&A companies function:

I. Hydrocarbon IC Group:

II. Power Transmission & Distribution IC Group.

III. EPC Power & Power Equipment IC Group

IV. Heavy Equipment IC Group

V. Ship Building IC Group

VI. Electrical & Automation IC Group

VII. MIP (Machinery & Industrial Products) IC Group

VIII. Financial Services Group

IX. Technology & Services Group

X. Development Projects Group

XI. Power Development Group

XII. Urban Infrastructure Group

XIII. Holding company for overseas investments

Some of the ventures initiated in the emerging business sectors during last 
couple  of  years are still under construction stage/in  initial  phase  of 
operation. These ventures are yet to contribute to the Group`s revenues.

For the year ended March 31, 2012, consolidated revenue at Rs. 64313  crore 
grew by 24% and the consolidated Profit after tax excluding exceptional and 
extraordinary  items at Rs. 4238 crore increased by 10% over  the  previous 
year.

A review of the major operating S&A companies under respective IC Group  is 
presented below:

I. HYDROCARBON:

Domestic Companies:

A.  L&T  SAPURA OFFSHORE PRIVATE LIMITED (LTSOPL) AND L&T  SAPURA  SHIPPING 
PRIVATE LIMITED (LTSSPL): 

Subsidiary Companies:

LTSOPL  and  LTSSPL are Joint Ventures between L&T and Nautical  Power  Pte 
Limited,  Singapore,  a wholly owned subsidiary of Sapura  Crest  Petroleum 
Bhd, Malaysia for operation of a Heavy Lift cum Pipe Lay Vessel (HLPv)  and 
installation  of offshore platforms and laying of subsea pipes  and  cables 
under the sea for the Hydrocarbon Upstream Industry. The Joint Venture (JV) 
companies  were formed in September 2010 with L&T holding majority  of  60% 
equity  stake  in both the companies. Heavy Lift cum Pipe  Lay  Vessel  was 
commissioned during the year 2010-2011.

JV  companies recorded revenue from operations of Rs. 164 crore and  profit 
after  tax  of Rs. (72) crore for the period ended March 31,  2012.  LTSSPL 
closed the year with order book of Rs. 164 crore.

B. L&T-VALDEL ENGINEERING LIMITED (LTV): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTV,  wholly  owned  by L&T, provides complete  engineering  solutions  for 
upstream oil & gas sector and offers design engineering services as well as 
project management services globally.

The  Company  recorded order inflows of Rs. 100 crore during  2011-2012  as 
against Rs. 61 crore during 2010-2011. The order book as at March 31,  2012 
stood at Rs. 63 crore recording a growth of 50% over the previous year.

Revenue from operations at Rs. 81 crore registered a growth of 16% over the 
previous  year.  Profit after tax for 2011-2012 was  marginally  higher  at 
Rs.6.42 crore as compared to Rs. 6 crore in 2010-2011.

C. L&T-CHIYODA LIMITED (LTC): Associate Company:

LTC,  a company where L&T has 50% stake, is a globally recognised design  & 
engineering  consultancy company for hydrocarbon processing  industry.  LTC 
was  set up in the year 1994 as a JV between Chiyoda Corporation  of  Japan 
and  L&T  with an equal stake. LTC offers total  engineering  solutions  to 
hydrocarbon  sector and related industries including petroleum  refineries, 
petrochemical  units,  oil and gas onshore processing  facilities,  LNG/LPG 
plants, fertilizer plants and chemical plants.

Revenue from operations for 2011-2012 at Rs. 111 crore registered a  growth 
of  14%  over 2010-2011. Profit after tax for the year was lower at  Rs.  6 
crore as compared to Rs. 9 crore during the previous year.

International Companies:

D. LARSEN & TOUBRO ELECTROMECH LLC (L&T Electromech): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T Electromech is a JV between L&T and The Zubair Corporation, Oman (TZC). 
L&T,  through its wholly owned subsidiary L&T International FZE  holds  65% 
and TZC holds 35% in the Company.

The Company is a leading Civil, Mechanical and Electrical & Instrumentation 
Construction  Company  in  Oman  undertaking  projects  in  Oil  and   Gas, 
Refineries, Petrochemicals, Power and Water Treatment sectors.

During the year under review, the Company bagged orders worth Rs. 635 crore 
as  against Rs. 514 crore in 2010, thus registering a growth of 24%.  Sales 
for  the year at Rs.478 crore registered a growth of 4% over  2010.  Profit 
after tax stood at Rs. 48 crore as against Rs. 36 crore in 2010. The  Order 
Book as at December 31, 2011 stood at Rs. 655 crore.

Investments  to the tune of Rs. 7200 crore for refinery expansion in  Sohar 
is  on the anvil. Investment in Oil & gas sector has been planned  for  Rs. 
15000  crore.  In  the  backdrop of depleting oil  and  gas  reserves,  the 
government continues to focus on implementing the economic  diversification 
strategy  to enhance the non-oil production base of the  economy.  Targeted 
economic growth for Oman for 2012 is 5%. On an overall basis, the  business 
outlook in Oman for 2012 is buoyant.

E. L&T MODULAR FABRICATION YARD LLC, OMAN (LTMFYL): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTMFYL  is  a JV company between Zubair Corporation &  L&T  established  in 
Sultanate   of  Oman.  L&T,  through  its  wholly  owned   subsidiary   L&T 
International FZE holds 65% in the Company. The Company has developed  core 
competencies in manufacture of high end equipment like Jack up Drill  Rigs, 
Floating Production Storage & Offloading (FPSO) Vessels, Integrated  Decks, 
Skid mounted equipment, Onshore Process Modules in addition to  fabrication 
of large size offshore platforms.

During  the  year 2011, LTMFYL`s revenues were at Rs. 149  crore  vis-a-vis 
Rs.252  crore  in 2010. The Profit after tax for the year 2011  was  Rs.  9 
crore.  LTMFYL  has  secured  major order for  Fabrication  of  5  Offshore 
Platforms  (Jackets, Topsides, Piles and Bridges) for ADMA OPCO,  Abu-Dhabi 
during the year 2011.

F. LARSEN & TOUBRO ATCO SAUDIA COMPANY LLC:

(L&T ATCO): Subsidiary Company

L&T  ATCO is a strategic JV between L&T and Abdulrahman Ali Al-Turki  Group 
of  Companies  (ATCO) Dammam, a renowned Saudi conglomerate. L&T  ATCO  was 
incorporated  as  an In-Kingdom Company in 2007 to take  advantage  of  the 
electro-mechanical construction opportunities arising in the areas of Oil & 
Gas, Petrochemicals, Power and Water related projects in Saudi Arabia. L&T, 
through its wholly owned subsidiary L&T International FZE holds 49% in  the 
Company.

During  2011 the Company`s total income was at Rs. 67 crore against Rs.  25 
crore in 2010. The Company registered a Profit after tax of Rs. 3 crore  as 
against Rs. 0.09 crore in 2010.

The  company  has made a major breakthrough in Saudi Arabia  by  bagging  a 
large  order for constructing state of the art solution polyethylene  plant 
from `SADARA Petrochemicals`, an Aramco Dow JV.

The  Company will leverage the benefit of specific tie-ups  with  prominent 
EPC   players   in  the  Refinery  &  Petrochemical  sector.   The   recent 
prequalification  with large and most prestigious customer in  the  Kingdom 
and pre-bid alliance with some of the leading EPC players will benefit  the 
Company to gain competitive strength and obtain new project orders.

G.  LARSEN  & TOUBRO KUWAIT CONSTRUCTION GENERAL  CONTRACTING  COMPANY  WLL 
(LTKC):

Subsidiary Company:

LTKC is a strategic JV between M/s Bader Almulla and Brothers Company  WLL, 
a  Kuwaiti  company and L&T. L&T, through its wholly owned  subsidiary  L&T 
International  FZE,  holds 49% in the Company. LTKC  executes  construction 
projects in Oil & Gas and Power sectors in the State of Kuwait.

The Company reported revenues of Rs. 30 crore during 2011 with Profit after 
tax of Rs. (0.90) crore.

II. POWER TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION:

Domestic company:

A. L&T-RAMB0LL CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED (LTRCE): 

Associate Company:

LTRCE, a consultancy firm where L&T has 50% stake, was established in  1998 
as  a JV with RAMB0LL A/S of Denmark. The Company provides engineering  and 
project  consultancy  services for transportation  infrastructure  projects 
relating  to Ports & Marine, Roads & Airports and Bridges & Metros  sector. 
LTRCE  also  offers consultancy services in SEZ  Planning  &  Environmental 
Engineering.

The  Company  has  consolidated  its position in  the  domestic  market  as 
advisors and consultants to developers of projects. LTRCE registered  total 
income  of Rs. 46 crore and Profit after tax of Rs. 10 crore  during  2011-
2012.

International companies:

B. LARSEN & TOUBRO (OMAN) LLC (LTO): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTO,  a JV with Zubair Corporation LLC, provides engineering,  construction 
and  contracting services for the last 15 years in Sultanate of  Oman.  The 
Company  has an excellent track record in civil projects and  continues  to 
enjoy  customer  preference in the country. L&T, through its  wholly  owned 
subsidiary L&T International FZE holds 65% in the Company.

The  Company  procured order valued OMR 113 Million (V 1493  crore)  during 
2011.  Order Book as at December 31, 2011 stood at OMR 203 Million (V  2682 
crore).  The revenue at Rs. 2017 crore for the year grew by 21% over  2010. 
The Profit after tax for the year 2011 stood at Rs. 96 crore.

Based on the country`s budgets, the company is confident of securing orders 
in the areas of roads, bridges, water network & other government projects.

C. LARSEN & TOUBRO READYMIX CONCRETE:

INDUSTRIES LLC (RMC LLC): 

Subsidiary Company

RMC LLC is a JV between Mr. Majed Al Muhari (51%), UAE and Larsen &  Toubro 
International FZE (49%), a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T.

The  construction  and real estate activity remained  stable  during  2011. 
Accordingly, the gross revenue from operations was at Rs. 58 crore in  2011 
as compared to Rs. 57 crore in 2010.

III.  EPC POWER & POWER EQUIPMENT: 

Domestic companies:

A. L&T-MHI TURBINE GENERATORS PRIVATE LIMITED:

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  has entered into JV with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Japan  (MHI)  to 
manufacture  super  critical steam turbines & generators (STG  package)  to 
leverage on its EPC capabilities in the emerging mega power sector. L&T-MHI 
Turbine Generators Private Limited has been formed with L&T holding 51%  of 
the equity. The Company has a manufacturing facility at Hazira, Gujarat  to 
produce STG equipment of capacity ranging from 500 MW to 1000 MW.

Considering  the  market  scenario of power sector,  the  Company  has  not 
secured any fresh orders during 2011-2012. The order book position stood at 
Rs.  1533  crore  as on March 31, 2012. The Gross sales at  Rs  1300  crore 
registered  a  significant growth over the previous year  with  4  projects 
under execution.

Besides  high capital costs the power industry is facing lot of  challenges 
over  the  availability  of critical resources viz. land,  water  and  coal 
linkages. Many power producers are holding back their expansion plan  which 
has  sharply  reduced  the business opportunities of  the  power  equipment 
manufacturers. Considering that the energy security is paramount to achieve 
the  desired GDP growth of the economy, recently the Government  has  taken 
several  measures  to  give impetus for power infrastructure  to  meet  the 
growing energy demand.

The  competition  has intensified with many  international  players  having 
presence  in Indian market and able to get their share of  business  during 
last  couple of years. The aggressive pricing and delivery terms  from  the 
Chinese power equipment manufacturers has also added to severe pressure  on 
the pricing.

The  Company  is  focusing on internal processes &  capabilities  with  the 
objective   of  cutting  wastage,  enhancing  efficiency   and   maximizing 
productivity  to  build  a  strong foundation to  meet  the  challenges  of 
tomorrow.  The Company is confident of meeting the market  requirements  to 
manufacture & deliver the cost competitive products in the coming years.

B. L&T-MHI BOILERS PRIVATE LIMITED: 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T and MHI have entered into a JV to manufacture and supply  Supercritical 
Boilers  for  large  coal based power utilities.  L&T-MHI  Boilers  Private 
Limited has been formed with L&T holding 51% equity stake. The Company  has 
completed  its  first phase of setting up the manufacturing  facilities  at 
Hazira, Gujarat. The total capacity being installed is 4000 MW.

The Company has recorded healthy growth in gross revenue from operations at 
Rs. 2457 crore as against Rs. 1029 crore in the previous year.

The  thermal  power  sector  of the country  is  facing  issues  like  fuel 
availability, land acquisition and environmental clearances. With enhancing 
capacity of domestic players and entry of international players by  forming 
joint ventures with local companies, the competition has intensified.

With  the  impetus to the power sector and the benefits of  super  critical 
technology,  the  Company is confident of meeting the  market  requirements 
with focused efforts to manufacture/deliver the products and to become more 
cost  competitive  in  the coming years. The Company has  made  inroads  in 
introducing  advance  ultra-supercritical Steam Generators for  the  Indian 
market  to  remain ahead of competition by providing energy  efficient  and 
environment  friendly products. The initiatives undertaken by  the  company 
are expected to add significantly to execution capability with improved  in 
efficiency and productivity.

C. L&T-SARGENT & LUNDY LIMITED (LTSL):

Subsidiary Company:

LTSL, a 50% each joint venture between L&T and Sargent & Lundy, USA is  ISO 
9001:2008  quality  certified engineering  consultancy  organisation.  LTSL 
offers a complete range of Power Plant Engineering & Consultancy  services, 
from  concept  to commissioning to its customer base in India  and  abroad. 
LTSL has extensive expertise in gas based and coal based power projects and 
forms  the  engineering  base for L&T`s thrust into  turnkey  execution  of 
super-critical  technology. LTSL is also expanding its capabilities in  the 
renewable (Solar/Wind/Biomass) energy. LTSL is located at Vadodara, Gujarat 
and  has set up a full-fledged Design & Engineering centres at Faridabad  & 
Kolkata to expand its horizons.

LTSL  received new orders aggregating to Rs. 110 crore during 2011-2012  of 
which export orders amount to Rs. 66 crore.

Revenue from operations for 2011-2012 at Rs. 114 crore registered a  growth 
of  32%  over  the previous year. Exports constitute 31%  of  revenue  from 
operations. Profit after tax registered a 38% growth at Rs. 20 crore during 
2011-2012.

LTSL  will capture opportunities for large super-critical  and  ultra-super 
critical  power  projects in domestic market and gas based  and  oil  fired 
power  projects in International market. With increased focus  on  business 
development  in  international market, LTSL seeks  to  achieve  sustainable 
growth momentum in medium to long term.

IV. HEAVY EQUIPMENT:

Domestic Companies:

A. SPECTRUM INFOTECH PRIVATE LIMITED (SIPL): 

Subsidiary Company:

SIPL,  a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T, possesses capabilities in  defence 
electronics  and systems. SIPL concentrates largely on product  development 
in embedded solutions, control and signal processing for defence sector. It 
has  grown from designing and development of sub-systems to a  full-fledged 
production organisation delivering sub-systems.

Revenue  from operations were at Rs. 13 crore during 2011-2012 with  Profit 
after tax at Rs. 2 crore.

B. L&T SPECIAL STEEL AND HEAVY FORGINGS PRIVATE LIMITED (LTSHF): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTSHF  is a JV between L&T and Nuclear Power Corporation of  India  Limited 
(NPCIL)  with L&T holding majority equity stake of 74%. The JV,  formed  in 
July 2009 is in the process of setting up a fully integrated special  steel 
and heavy forgings manufacturing facility at Hazira, Gujarat. This facility 
will  produce heavy forgings required for both the Hydrocarbon  sector  and 
the Nuclear power sector. The company is expected to commence production by 
September 2012.

V. SHIP BUILDING

Domestic Companies:

L&T SHIPBUILDING LIMITED (LTSB): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  has  identified  shipbuilding  as a major thrust  area  in  the  heavy 
engineering  sector. LTSB, a 97% owned subsidiary of L&T, has  been  formed 
for  development  and  operation of a Shipyard cum Minor  Port  Complex  at 
Kattupalli,  near Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The project involves development  of 
Shipyard  for  manufacturing and repair of defence as  well  as  commercial 
vessels and operation of Port complex on a commercial basis with a capacity 
of 1.2 million TEUs per annum.

LTSB entered into a JV agreement with TIDCO to set up the project. LTSB has 
successfully  acquired 1148 acres of patta land at Kattupalli on  long-term 
lease  and has also received the formal SEZ approval from the  Ministry  of 
Commerce and Industry.

The  construction  activity at the project site is advancing  well  as  per 
schedule. The Company has entered into license and collaboration  agreement 
with  Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Japan to enable itself for  seizing 
new business opportunities.

VI. ELECTRICAL & AUTOMATION:

International Companies:

A. TAMCO GROUP OF COMPANIES: 

Subsidiary Companies:

TAMCO  Group of companies operating from Malaysia, Indonesia and  Australia 
are the wholly owned subsidiaries of L&T International FZE.

TAMCO  has  strengthened  its  brand equity  for  Low  and  Medium  Voltage 
switchgear  both in domestic and overseas market. Its products  are  widely 
used  in  power,  oil & gas,  construction  and  manufacturing  industries. 
Through  extensive  R&D and advanced manufacturing  technology,  the  TAMCO 
group is able to deliver high quality and cost effective products. It has a 
wide market share in Dubai, Qatar, Oman and other GCC countries.

During  the  financial year ended December 2011, TAMCO  Group  has  secured 
orders  amounting to Rs. 479 crore. Gross revenue from operations for  2011 
stood at Rs. 599 crore. The operations have been impacted by the slow  off-
take  in the Middle East and Gulf markets. Sales in Australia increased  to 
Rs.  91  crore in 2011 while the revenue in Indonesia increased to  Rs.  32 
crore  in  2011. Profit after tax was at Rs. 55 crore for  the  year  ended 
December 2011.

GDP growth in Malaysia is expected to be at 6%. Accordingly, Tamco Malaysia 
sees opportunities in upcoming tenders for 2500 AIS tenders, RMU tender for 
12kV  and  PPU  tender  for  sub-stations.  The  company  also  boasts   of 
containerized and rehab sub-stations.

Tamco  Australia holds good prospects due to the boom in Mining &  Offshore 
industries in Western Australia. The company can leverage good reference of 
NSW  utilities  in  Western  Australia and  achieve  capacity  addition  in 
Windmills of 2000MW by the year 2020.

The  market  shows  good prospects for business in UAE.  FEWA  approval  is 
expected  by May 2012 along with a new tender for 33kV GIS substation  from 
SEWA. The approval from ADWEA is in advance stage.

The  market  also  holds  good  prospects for  business  in  Qatar  in  the 
infrastructure  segment on account of FIFA 2022. Further, 8500  panels  for 
AIS are to be finalized in 2012-2013.

Tamco  group  aims to make new product developments in line  with  "Lakshya 
2016"  Strategic  plan.  Initiative  is on  to  make  in-roads  in  Western 
Australia  in mining and petrochemical business, to develop OEMs in  select 
markets and to synergize with PT&D in the ME market particularly in  Kuwait 
and Iraq. Attempts would also be made to increase localization in Indonesia 
and make in-roads in the KSA market.

B. L&T ELECTRICALS SAUDI ARABIA COMPANY LIMITED, LLC (LTESA): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T Electricals Saudi Arabia Company Limited (LTESA) is a JV between Larsen 
& Toubro Limited, India and Yusuf Bin Ahmed Kanoo Group, KSA with a  state-
of-the-art  integrated  manufacturing facility in Dammam to  cater  to  the 
customers in and around Saudi Arabia. The company offers complete range  of 
electrical systems and switchgear components in the Gulf market in Low  and 
Medium Voltage categories, Pre-Fabricated / Packaged Substations,  Variable 
Frequency Drive panels and Automation systems etc.

The  order inflow for the year ended December 2011 was at Rs. 47  crore.The 
performance of the company was impacted by the slowdown in the market where 
many  projects  were  stalled  and decisions  on  order  finalization  were 
deferred.  Revenue  from operations for the year ended  December  2011  was 
Rs.56 crore.

The company sees good prospects in 2012-2013 as the Maaden frame  agreement 
has  facilitated recognition with global EPC majors in KSA.  Also,  product 
certification as per KSA standards is under progress. SEC potential of  USD 
70-80  Million  annually from T&D segments will  become  addressable  after 
approval.  Business  from E&C & PTD in KSA is also expected  to  contribute 
from  2012-2013.  Higher government spending in Infrastructure  segment  is 
expected to yield significant business.

C. L&T ELECTRICAL & AUTOMATION FZE, (LTEAFZE): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T Electrical & Automation FZE, established in 2008 and operating from its 
own  Integration  Centre, at Jebel Ali Free Zone in  United  Arab  Emirates 
(UAE), is a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T International FZE.

The  company  provides Integrated Control Solutions to  Industry  verticals 
like Oil & Gas, Water & Waste Water, Power and Infrastructure in the Middle 
East,   Africa   and   CIS   markets   with   expertise   in    Automation, 
Telecommunication, Electrical & Instrumentation segments.

The  order  inflow for the year ended December 2011 was Rs.  242  crore  as 
against  Rs. 118 crore in 2010. Revenue from operations for the  year  were 
Rs.  111 crore. The performance of the company was affected by slowdown  in 
the  Middle East market and very low opening order book. The  Profit  after 
tax  for the year ended December 2011 was Rs. 17 crore. The company  has  a 
healthy order book of Rs. 186 crore as on January 1, 2012. During 2011, the 
company  declared  a  10%  maiden  dividend  to  its  holding  company  L&T 
International FZE.

The  Oil  & Gas, Utility and Infrastructure segments are showing  signs  of 
revival  across  Middle  East,  Africa &  CIS  countries  with  significant 
investments announced over next 3-5 years. The company has strengthened its 
position in Telecom System Integration and expects to grow significantly in 
this area in addition to Control, Electrical & Instrumentation areas.

With major customer approvals in place, the company is focusing to  provide 
solutions  and  services to Engineering Procurement  &  Construction  (EPC) 
companies and to end users for both new and brown field projects.

D. LARSEN & TOUBRO (WUXI) ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED (LTW): 

Subsidiary Company:

Larsen & Toubro (Wuxi) Electric Company Ltd. (LTW) is a 100% subsidiary  of 
L&T  International  FZE,  Sharjah. It is located at  Wuxi  in  the  Jiangsu 
province of People`s Republic of China. The factory was established in 2006 
to manufacture Air circuit breakers (ACB) and Moulded Case Circuit Breakers 
(MCCB) for Chinese market.

Sales and other income for the year ended December 2011 was at Rs. 33 crore 
and Profit after tax at Rs. (0.30) crore.

As the growth and profitability of the business has been low as compared to 
the plan, it has been decided to close the business. Accordingly, the plans 
to exit the business is awaiting Chinese Government clearance.

VII. MACHINERY & INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS: 

Domestic Companies:

A. L&T PLASTICS MACHINERY LIMITED (LTPML): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTPML  is a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T. The Company is in the  business 
of  manufacture  of  Injection Moulding Machines (IMMs)  for  the  plastics 
industry.  The Company`s products find applications in  diverse  industries 
like  automobiles,  electrical goods, packaging,  personal  care  products, 
writing instruments and white goods.

The  company  reported revenue of Rs. 206 crore during 2011-2012  from  its 
operations and Profit after tax of Rs. 11 crore.

The business for the company`s products is expected to continue the  growth 
during  the year 2012-2013. Due to good energy saving feature,  we  foresee 
increase  demand  for  DTS and 2-tech series. We also expect  to  see  good 
growth of the export business consequent to the appointment of a few agents 
in Dubai and Nigeria.

B. EWAC ALLOYS LIMITED (EWAC): 

Subsidiary Company:

EWAC is a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T.

EWAC is a market leader in the business of Maintenance & Repairs, Welding & 
Welding solutions for conservation of global metal resources. The principal 
products  and  services comprise Maintenance &  Repair  (M&R)  consumables, 
specification   grade   electrodes,   flux-cored   welding   wires,    wear 
plates/parts,  welding and cutting equipment, Tero Cote Lab  services  etc. 
EWAC  had  a  Selling  Agency Agreement (SAA)  with  the  Welding  Products 
Business Unit (WPBU) of L&T till June 30, 2011. EWAC, with effect from July 
1, 2011 acquired the WPBU from L&T in line with the strategic restructuring 
of  Company`s business and is aimed at consolidating the  welding  products 
business.

EWAC reported Revenue of Rs. 368 crore from its operations during 2011-2012 
and Profit after tax of Rs 55 crore.

The  Company has undertaken expansion of its facilities at Ankleshwar  with 
the  objective  of consolidating all its manufacturing  operations  at  one 
place and accordingly has decided to close its manufacturing operations  at 
Powai,  Mumbai. The Company expects to complete the expansion and  shifting 
of operations by June 2012.

EWAC  expects to continue with its good performance in the  year  2012-2013 
and  has  planned  major  initiatives for  addressing  export  markets  and 
providing integrated solutions to its customers.

C. L&T KOBELCO MACHINERY PRIVATE LIMITED: 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  Kobelco  Machinery  Private Limited (LTKM), a JV of  Larsen  &  Toubro 
Limited,  India and Kobe Steel Ltd., Japan to manufacture  Internal  Mixers 
and Twin Screw Roller head Extruders for the tyre industry.

LTKM  commissioned  the  plant during the year  and  also  delivered  three 
internal  mixers  to Indian and Indonesian Customers. The  technology  from 
Kobe  Steel, Japan was transferred during the year. During  year  2011-2012 
LTKM recorded revenue from operations of Rs. 14 crore.

It is expected that the Rubber Processing Machinery business will  continue 
to  see  a  growth on account of investments being  made  both  Indian  and 
International tyre manufacturers.

Overall  the Company envisages a good improvement in the industrial  growth 
indices, in the coming year and its business are better equipped to harness 
the market potential.

D. L&T-KOMATSU LIMITED (LTK): 

Associate Company:

LTK  is  a 50:50 Joint Venture between L&T and Komatsu  Asia  Pacific  Pte. 
Ltd.,  Singapore,  a  wholly owned subsidiary of  Komatsu  Limited,  Japan. 
Komatsu is the world`s largest manufacturer of Hydraulic Excavators and has 
manufacturing  and  marketing facilities worldwide. LTK is engaged  in  the 
manufacture   of  Hydraulic  Excavators  and  other  associated   hydraulic 
components.  L&T  markets and provides after sales  support  for  Hydraulic 
Excavators manufactured by LTK.

During  the  year  2011-2012,  LTK posted gross sales  of  Rs.  1615  crore 
registering  8% growth from previous year. Profit after tax at Rs. 5  crore 
however,  declined due to significant increase in component costs,  arising 
out of steep appreciation in Japanese Yen and steel price hikes during  the 
year.  The  Company was able to maintain market share in spite  of  intense 
competition from existing players and new entrants.

With the Indian economy on growth path, the outlook for Hydraulic Excavator 
market is very positive. Based on current economic activity, the market  is 
expected to grow significantly with further scope to improve on the back of 
infrastructure projects taking off in 2012-2013.

E. AUDCO INDIA LIMITED (AIL): 

Associate Company:

AIL is a JV with 50% equity holding each by L&T and Flowserve  Corporation, 
USA. AIL is a leading manufacturer of Industrial Valves.

AIL  caters  to  all major industries viz Refineries  &  Pipelines,  Power, 
Offshore Platforms, Petro Chemicals, Chemicals, Fertilizers, Food & Pharma, 
etc.

AIL Valves are approved by international Oil majors such as Shell, Chevron, 
EXXON,  Aramco, PDO, ADCO, which helps in participating in their  worldwide 
projects. Apart from Indian Oil majors and various other industrial segment 
approvals,  AIL  also  has a unique advantage of  Indian  Nuclear  Industry 
approval.

AIL witnessed growth in gross revenue from operations by 22% and growth  in 
profits  during  2011-2012.  AIL posted gross revenue  from  operations  of 
Rs.586 crore in 2011-2012 and Profit after tax stood at Rs. 61 crore.

With  a  healthy Order Book position as on March 31, 2012,  AIL  expects  a 
satisfactory performance in the year ahead.

International Companies:

F. LARSEN & TOUBRO (QINGDAO) RUBBER MACHINERY COMPANY LIMITED (LT  QINGDAO) 
-Subsidiary Company

L&T  Qingdao,  a subsidiary of L&T, set up in  Jiaonan,  Qingdao,  People`s 
Republic  of  China  to develop and supply Tyre Curing  Presses  and  other 
Rubber  Processing  Machinery  on par with the quality  of  products  being 
supplied by L&T to its global clients.

During the year 2011, L&T Qingdao posted revenues of Rs. 93 crore (previous 
year Rs. 70 crore) and a Proft after tax of Rs. (1.8) crore (previous  year 
Rs.  0.53 crore). During the year 2011, the Company  successfully  executed 
orders  from Tyre majors in China as well as from Pirelli for  delivery  to 
its  plants in South America. LT Qingdao also has secured orders  from  new 
customers in Vietnam during the year that will be executed in 2012.

The  sustained  growth  of  the automobile industry in  China  as  well  as 
globally,  provides opportunity for the Company to grow in the future.  The 
Company plans to enhance its product offerings for the domestic market from 
2012-2013 onwards so as to strengthen its presence in China.

G. LARSEN & TOUBRO (JIANGSU) VALVE COMPANY LIMITED (LTJVCL): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTJVCL  a  subsidiary  was set up in Yancheng City,  People`s  Republic  of 
China,  for manufacture of certain range of Valves for global markets.  The 
plant  has  state-of-the-art  manufacturing  facilities  and  has   secured 
important approvals of oil majors such as SHELL, BP, Chevron, Saudi Aramco, 
Alstom, SASOL, Dow Chemicals etc.

The  revenue for the year 2011 was Rs. 62 crore. The  improved  performance 
was attributable to higher order inflows during the latter half of previous 
year.

The  appreciation of RMB vs USD and rising costs in China are a  matter  of 
concern  as these impact the competitiveness of the Company. However,  with 
the  customer approvals in place and plans to widen the offerings to  large 
size and special valves, together with firm oil prices, the Company expects 
to overcome these challenges and looks ahead with optimism.

H. LARSEN & TOUBRO LLC, HOUSTON, USA (L&T LLC): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  LLC,  a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T, is based in Houston,  USA  and 
represents L&T for sale of industrial valves in the North American market.

During  the year 2011, the sales revenue was Rs. 5 crore. The  Company  has 
decided to gradually scale down the operations in view of the lower volumes 
& high cost of operations.

VIII. FINANCIAL SERVICES:

Financial Services spectrum: 

Domestic Companies:

A. L&T FINANCE HOLDINGS LIMITED (L&T FH):

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  FH,  a  subsidiary of L&T, was incorporated in 2008, with  a  view  to 
consolidate L&T`s investments in the financial services business and give a 
distinct identity to the business segment.The Company came out with an  IPO 
in August 2011 and became the first listed subsidiary company of the group. 
It is registered with the Reserve Bank of India as a non-banking  financial 
company.  L&T FH is the holding company for L&T`s investments in  the  non-
banking  financial companies and mutual fund business and also a few  other 
strategic investments in the sector.

The  Company`s  investments in its subsidiaries and  strategic  investments 
amounted to Rs. 3047 crore as at March 31, 2012.

B. L&T FINANCE LIMITED (LTF): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTF,  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary of  L&T  Finance  Holdings  Limited  was 
incorporated as a public limited company on November 22, 1994 to provide  a 
comprehensive  range of financial products and services. It  is  registered 
with RBI as a non-deposit taking non-banking financial company.

During  2011-2012,  LTF  recorded  an  improvement  in  major   performance 
parameters.  This was facilitated by the growth in its  business  segments, 
increased  investment  in  infrastructure and  higher  rural  incomes.  The 
positive  environment for raising resources was also a contributor  to  the 
improved performance. The highlights of the Company`s financial performance 
are as below:

As  on March 31, 2012, total assets grew by 24% to Rs. 13823  crore.  Total 
income  at  Rs. 1789 crore recorded a growth of 28% and  Profit  after  tax 
during 2011-2012 was Rs. 199 crore.

The  favourable changes in rural landscape are expected to  offer  multiple 
opportunities for launching new offerings in 2012-2013 coupled with intense 
competition from banks and peer companies. In the absence of clear trend on 
interest  rate movements, the ability to maintain net interest  margin  and 
good asset quality would be value drivers.

C.  L&T  MUTUAL FUND TRUSTEE LIMITED (LTMFTL) & L&T  INVESTMENT  MANAGEMENT 
LIMITED (LTIML):

LTIML  managed an Average Asset of Rs. 4469 crore for the year ended  March 
31,  2012 across L&T Mutual Fund Schemes as against Rs. 3782 crore for  the 
year  ended March 31, 2011. The average assets under management  (AAUM)  of 
LTMFTL grew by 18% compared to previous period. The market share of  LTMFTL 
grew to 0.7% from previous year.

The number of Investor Folios increased to 1,45,712 as of March 31, 2012.

The  Industry`s AAUM for the year ended March 31, 2012, however,  stood  at 
Rs.700740  crore  registering  a decline of 0.4%  over  the  previous  year 
(Source: Association of mutual fund of India website).

Investment  Management  Fees  as a percentage  of  Asset  Under  Management 
improved  to 0.2% in 2011-2012. LTIML`s loss from operations for  the  year 
ended March 31, 2012 was at Rs. 25 crore.

LTMFTL launched two Open Ended Schemes during the financial year 2011-2012; 
L&T  Wealth  Builder Fund and L&T Short Term Debt Fund. The  total  amounts 
mobilized  in  L&T Wealth Builder Fund and L&T Short Term  Debt  Fund  were  
Rs.73 crore and Rs. 62 crore respectively.

D. L&T INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE COMPANY LIMITED (LTIFCL): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTIFCL,  a  subsidiary of L&T Finance Holdings Limited,  is  a  non-banking 
financial  company focused on financing of infrastructure projects,  across 
various  sectors.  LTIFCL has developed a  comprehensive  service  platform 
across  various  lines  of  businesses  to  create  and  offer  appropriate 
financing solutions to its diverse set of customers. Being a specialist  in 
infrastructure financing and advisory services, it has expanded its service 
offerings  from  pure  lending in project finance  towards  enhanced  value 
addition  to  clients  in terms of equity &  debt  syndication,  investment 
banking,  private  equity  and  inputs  to  various  governments/regulatory 
bodies/Chambers of Commerce on infrastructure-related issues.

LTIFCL  recorded  improved  performance during 2011- 2012, on the  strength 
of  the  investment  flow  into infrastructure  projects,  supported  by  a 
positive  environment  for fund raising. The highlights  of  its  financial 
performance are as below:

As  on March 31, 2012, total assets grew by 44% to Rs. 11070  crore.  Total 
income at Rs. 1183 crore recorded growth of 68% in 2011-2012. Profit  after 
tax during 2011-2012 grew by 31% to Rs. 264 crore.

As  LTIFCL steps into its next phase of growth from 2012- 2013 onwards,  it 
would  be  reviewing a wide range of strategic options for  continuing  the 
momentum  of  growth together with measures to persist with  excellence  in 
processes  and governance, diversify sources of funding and infuse  capital 
to support asset growth while maintaining healthy capital adequacy  ratios. 
LTIFCL would continue to make asset quality its top priority. LTIFCL  would 
consider  a  broad spectrum of strategic initiatives  and  engagement  with 
multilaterals to expand beyond its current horizons.

E. L&T GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED (LTGI): 

Subsidiary Company:

LTGI,  a wholly owned subsidiary of Larsen & Toubro Ltd., is  into  general 
insurance business offering a wide range of insurance solutions to  various 
segments  of  corporate  and  retail  customers  through  multiple  product 
offerings.

LTGI, with its advanced technological platform, is well equipped to  expand 
its distribution reach in the fast growing Indian General Insurance sector.

LTGI  in  its  second year of operations and  first  full  financial  year, 
achieved  Gross Written Premium of Rs. 143 crore by selling nearly  hundred 
thousand policies (97,766) and was the fastest growing Insurance Company in 
India  in 2011-2012. LTGI already has a pan India presence with  10  branch 
offices as hub locations.

The  delay in approval of health products resulted in lower achievement  of 
health  business. The company`s prudent underwriting practices resulted  in 
lower  levels of engineering business where the market did not  support  by 
adequate  increase  in  price realisation.  The  existing  resources  being 
properly  re-deployed  and  utilized  resulted  in  motor  line  showing  a 
significant  growth.  However,  lower price realization in  this  line  has 
resulted   in  higher loss ratio. The loss in the current  year  stands  at  
Rs.106 crore.

Indian general insurance industry continues to show an impressive growth in 
top line and has reported a growth of 23% to Rs. 58344 crore in  2011-2012. 
Health  and  Motor have been the fastest growing lines of  business.  Going 
forward, the growth momentum in the General Insurance industry is  expected 
to  continue.  The  Company  is  well  positioned  to  exploit  the  growth 
opportunities.

F. L&T CAPITAL COMPANY LIMITED (LTCCL):

Subsidiary Company:

LTCCL,  a wholy owned subsidiary of L&T, is a Portfolio Manager  registered 
with  the Securities And Exchange Board of India, with over Rs. 2050  crore 
under   its  fund  management.  It  is  also  a  significant  Mutual   Fund 
Distributor/Advisor  with  outstanding mutual fund assets under  advice  of 
around  Rs. 2000 crore. LTCCL holds and monitors a significant  portion  of 
L&T Group`s strategic investments.

During  the  year, the company`s overall income was at Rs.  10  crore  with 
Profit after tax of Rs. 7 crore.

The Company has expanded its private wealth advisory team and is poised  to 
offer  investment  advisory  services  to a  larger  number  of  investors, 
including offshore investors. The Company has already established a  branch 
office at Bengaluru and is in the process of setting up a wider network  of 
branches in identified centres across India.

IX. TECHNOLOGY & SERVICES:

Domestic Companies:

A. LARSEN & TOUBRO INFOTECH LIMITED (L&T Infotech): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T Infotech, a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T, is a global IT Services and 
solutions provider. A full-services IT firmwith a blue-chip client  roster, 
the  Company  offers  comprehensive,  end-to-end  software  solutions   and 
services in the industry verticals such as Manufacturing (Auto,  Industrial 
Products,   CPG,  Chemical,  Hi-tech,  Aero,  Construction  Equipment   and 
Engineering  & Construction), Energy & Petrochemicals,  Banking,  Financial 
Servicesand & Insurance.

The Company`s key service areas are Application Maintenance &  Development, 
Application  Outsourcing, Legacy Modernization, Package implementations  in 
SAP/  Oracle,  Infrastructure  Management Services,  Testing  Services  and 
specialized  services  like  Data Warehousing,  Business  Intelligence  and 
System  Integration. These have been complimented by  providing  Consulting 
Services  to  clients building on the `Thought  Leadership`  in  respective 
domains.

L&T Infotech has its presence globally in USA, Canada, Europe, Asia,  South 
Africa, Middle East, Australia and New Zealand.

Business Environment:

The  Indian  IT BPO industry achieved a significant  landmark  of  crossing 
aggregate revenue of USD 100 Billion (including USD 88 Billion comprised of 
IT Software and Services Revenue) during the year 2011-2012. This  resulted 
into  14% growth over last year, and as per NASSCOM estimates,  the  growth 
rate for 2012-2013 is projected at 11%-14%.

The  year  witnessed volatile operating environment  with  fluctuations  in 
customer  demand  and the industry adapted to stay ahead of  the  curve  to 
continue  to  be relevant. The industry has embarked on a focused  path  of 
change,  which  includes redesigning internal  operations,  flexibility  in 
product solutions portfolio, and compelling vertical market strategies. New 
technologies especially the cloud, mobility, social and bid data  analytics 
are  impacting service providers, who are reviewing how industry  verticals 
and  customer  segments will adjust themselves to the  changing  technology 
landscape.

For  the  year  ended 2011-2012, L&T Infotech  recorded  total  revenue  of 
Rs.2969  crore, registering an increase of 26%. Export revenue  constituted 
94%  of the total revenue of Rs. 2794 crore in  2011-2012.Operating  profit 
(PBDIT)  is  higher by 44% at Rs. 629 crore. Profit after tax  at  Rs.  405 
crore grew by 29%. Also on consolidated basis, Profit after tax at Rs.  419 
crore grew by 35%.

L&T Infotech operates through its subsidiaries in Canada, Germany and  USA. 
During  the  year,  the  Company commenced  operations  from  its  new  SEZ 
facilities at various locations across Navi Mumbai, Pune, Bengaluru, Mysore 
and Chennai, which added total seat capacity by 3,166 seats.

For  the  year  2011-2012, North America continued to  be  the  significant 
region contributing to 67% of revenue with Europe region contributing  16%. 
Contribution  from  APAC  and Africa/MEA stand at 6% and  5%  in  2011-2012 
respectively. Onsite proportion of export revenue has increased from 53% in 
2010-2011 to 55% in 2011-2012.

The industry is moving towards non-linear (IP Driven) business model. Major 
opportunities  are  visible in current scenario in  large  deals  including 
renewals  and  SI deals in India, alliance and  partnerships  around  niche 
products,  emergence  of new technologies like  Cloud,  Mobility,  Business 
Process  Consulting, Risk management, Digital publishing, Security  and  IP 
protection,  new  geographies  like Australia  and  South  Africa,  growing 
interest  in  independent  Testing  Services,  and  increasing   Regulatory 
changes.

With  increasing customer spend in IT sector, L&T infotech is confident  to 
capitalise these opportunities with several strategic initiatives.

International companies:

B. LARSEN & TOUBRO INFOTECH GMBH (L&T Infotech GmbH): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  Infotech  GmbH, a wholly owned subsidiary of  L&T  Infotech,  provides 
software services in Banking, Financial Services & Insurance, Manufacturing 
and  Product  Engineering  Services in Germany. The  total  income  of  the 
company  remained  stable at Rs. 57 crore with Profit after tax  at  Rs.  2 
crore.

C. LARSEN & TOUBRO INFOTECH CANADA LIMITED:

(L&T Infotech Canada): Subsidiary Company

L&T  Infotech Canada, a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T  Infotech,  provides 
software services in Financial, Insurance and Oil & Gas Sectors in  Canada. 
The  total  income of the Company for 2011-2012 amounted to Rs.  36  crore, 
with Profit after tax at Rs. 2 crore.

D. GDA TECHNOLOGIES INC. (GDA TECH): 

Subsidiary Company:

GDA  Tech, a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T Infotech, was acquired in  2007 
to  strengthen IT outsourcing business in USA. GDA Tech is engaged  in  two 
business   segments:  Intellectual  property  (IP)  and  custom  design   & 
manufacturing services.

The  total income of GDA Tech for 2011-2012, amounted to Rs. 26 crore  with 
Profit after tax at Rs. 0.4 crore.

E. LARSEN & TOUBRO INFOTECH LLC (L&T Infotech LLC): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&T  Infotech LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T Infotech,  operates  in 
the  United  States.  During 2011-2012, the total revenue  of  the  Company 
amounted to Rs. 35 crore with Profit after tax at Rs. 2.1 crore.

F. L&T INFOTECH FINANCIAL SERVICES TECHNOLOGIES INC., (L&T Infotech FS):

Subsidiary Company:

L&T Infotech FS was formed during 2010-2011 as a wholly owned subsidiary of 
L&T  Infotech,  for  acquisition  of transfer  agency  business  unit  from 
Citigroup  Fund  Services in Canada. For the year  2011-2012,  the  Company 
recorded  total  revenue of Rs. 197 crore with Profit after tax at  Rs.  22 
crore.

X. DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS:

A. L&T INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS LIMITED (L&TIDPL): 

Subsidiary Company:

L&TIDPL has been set up as an infrastructure development arm of the  Group, 
where  L&T currently has 97.45% stake. L&TIDPL has over a period  of  time, 
built   up  capabilities  in  identifying  and  developing   infrastructure 
projects, operation & maintenance of these projects and providing  advisory 
services relating to financing & engineering of the projects.

L&TIDPL  portfolio  is  well  diversified with  a  mix  of  projects  under 
development  across  various  sectors such as roads &  bridges,  ports  and 
metro.

During  the  year  under review in roads and  bridges  space,  the  Company 
commenced  tolling operations for L&T Krishnagiri Walajahpet  Tollway  Ltd. 
(Tamil  Nadu)  and L&T Rajkot Vadinar Tollway Ltd. (Gujarat) from  June  7, 
2011 and February 1, 2012 respectively.

Further,  during  the  year under review, two SPVs of  the  Company  signed 
concession agreements with NHAI - (i) L&T BPP Tollway Ltd. on June 22, 2011 
for  four-laning of Beawar-Pali-Pindwara section of NH-14 (from KM 0.00  to 
KM  244+120)  in  the state of Rajasthan under NHDP Phase  III  on  design, 
build, operate and transfer basis (ii) L&T Deccan Tollway Ltd. on  February 
2,  2012  for  4-laning of Sangareddy in  Andhra  Pradesh  to  Maharashtra-
Karnataka border, part of NH-9 in the states of Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka.

The  Company has received from NHAI Letters of Award dated March  31,  2012 
for  four-laning  of Amravati-Jalgaon section of NH-6  in  Maharashtra  and 
four-laning  of  Jalgaon to Maharashtra-Gujarat border section of  NH-6  in 
Maharashtra.   The  Company  is  expected  to  incorporate  two  SPVs   for 
development  of  these projects under concession agreements to  be  entered 
into with NHAI.

The   Company  has  now  reached  position  of  leadership  in   developing 
transportation infrastructure in india.

For the year ended 31st March 2012, L&TIDPL has reported a total income  of 
Rs. 103 crore and a Profit after tax of Rs. 7 crore.

As  of  March  31, 2012, L&TIDPL`s portfolio of  transportation  and  infra 
projects includes following projects:

Major SPVs                               Project  Status       Stage
                                         Cost*
                                         (Rs. 
                                         crore)
Roads and Bridges:

1 L&T Panipat Elevated Corridor Limited     422  Subsidiary     Operational

2 Narmada Infrastructure Construction 
Enterprise Limited                          142  Subsidiary     Operational

3 L&T Krishnagiri Thopur Toll 
Road Limited                                525  Subsidiary     Operational

4 L&T Western Andhra Tollways Limited       328  Subsidiary     Operational

5 L&T Transportation 
Infrastructure Limited                      104  Subsidiary     Operational

6 L&T Interstate Road Corridor Limited      555  Subsidiary     Operational

7 L&T Vadodara Bharuch Tollway Limited     1450  Subsidiary     Operational

8 L&T Rajkot VadinarTollway Limited        1096  Subsidiary     Operational 
                         
Sub Total                                  4622

9 L&T Samakhiali Gandhidham 
Tollway Limited                            1300  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

10 L&T Ahmedabad-Maliya Tollway Limited    1497  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

11 L&T Halol-Shamlaji Tollway Limited      1305  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

12 L&T Krishnagiri Walajahpet 
Tollway Limited                            1370  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

13 L&T Devihalli Hassan Tollway Limited     314  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

14 L&T Chennai Tada Tollway Limited         848  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

15 L&T Decaan Tollways Limited             1273  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation

16 L&T BPP Tollway Limited                 2472  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation 
     
Sub Total                                 10379

Roads and Bridges Total                   15001 

Ports:

17 The Dhamra Port Company Limited         3639  Joint          Operational
                                                 Venture 
18 International Seaport (Haldia) 
Private Limited                             125  Associate      Operational 

Ports Total                                3764

Metro:

19 L&T Metro Rail (Hyderabad) Limited     14917  Subsidiary           Under 
                                                             Implementation 
Metro Total                               14917

* Excludes amount payable/receivable by way of grant.

Financial performance summary of key operational SPVs: 

A. Roads and bridges:

Name of            Project Details                     A    B     C      D 
Subsidiary 


1 L&T Panipat      Widening of the existing Road on    42   39   (42)  (46) 
Elevated Corridor  National Highway No.1 (NH-1) on 
Limited            BOT basis.

2 Narmada          Construction, development,          56   52     30    26 
Infrastructure     operation and maintenance of 
Construction       Second Two-Lane Bridge at 
Enterprise         Zadeshwar across the  Narmada 
Limited            River in Gujarat  on National 
                   Highway 8 (NH-8). 

3 L&T Krishnagiri  Widening of the existing Road       95   81   (12)  (25) 
Thopur Toll Road   from the end of proposed
Limited            Krishnagiri flyover to 
                   Thumpipadi on BOT basis.

4 L&T Western      Construction, development, 
Andhra Tollways    operation and maintenance           44   38   (14)  (20) 
Limited            of the road from Jadcherla 
                   to proposed Kotakatta bypass
                   on NH-7 in the State of 
                   Andhra Pradesh.

5 L&T              Building a bypass at Coimbatore     34   36      9    11 
Transportation     Section of National Highway 
Infrastructure     (NH-47) and construction of 
Limited            additional bridge at Athupalam 
                   on River Noyyal on BOT basis. 

6 L&T Interstate   Construction, operation and         90   88     10     5 
Road Corridor      maintenance of the road on 
Limited            Palanpur Swaroopgunj section 
                   of NH-14 in the state of Gujarat 
                   and Rajasthan on BOT basis.

7 L&T Vadodara     Widening the existing road of      215  192   (60)  (79) 
Bharuch Tollway    Vadodara to Bharuch section on 
Limited            NH-8 in the State of Gujarat 
                   on BOT basis.

8 L&T Rajkot       Widening of existing Two-Lane-       9    -   (15)     -
Vadinar Tollway    Road, covering Rajkot Jamnagar-
Limited            Vadinar section in Gujarat, to 
                   Four-Lane Road along with the 
                   divided Carriageway facility.

A = Total Income (Rs. crore) - 2011-2012    
B = Total Income (Rs. crore) - 2010-2011   
C = PAT/(Loss) (Rs. crore)  - 2011-2012 
D = PAT/(Loss) (Rs. crore) - 2010-2011

Most  of the projects listed above are in the initial phase  of  operations 
with a much higher amortisation and interest cost, resulting in losses  for 
the year.

B. Ports:

THE DHAMRA PORT COMPANY LIMITED (DPCL):

JOINT VENTURE:

DPCL, a 50:50 joint venture between L&T IDPL and TATA Steel has been set up 
to build a deep water all weather port at Dhamra, under  Build-Own-Operate-
Share-Transfer (BOOST) model with a concession awarded by the Government of 
Odisha for a period of 34 years (including period of construction).

With a draft of 18.5 meters, the port can accommodate cape size vessels  of 
up to 1,80,000 DWT. This is an advantage to the mineral hinterland of north 
Odisha, Jharkand, West Bengal and Chattisgarh where a large number of steel 
plants  and  mineral  based industries are located.  The  project  includes 
62.5km rail connectivity to the main Howrah-Chennai lines at Bhadrak.

The  port is expected to become an infrastructural hub of eastern coast  of 
India  by  providing the efficient port facilities for the  industrial  and 
economic  development  of the region and the country.  The  Port  commenced 
commercial  operations on May 6, 2011 and during the year handled  a  total 
cargo of 5.1 Million tonnes.

DPCL reported a total income of Rs. 198 crore for 2011-2012 with a net loss 
of Rs. 458 crore. As this was the first year of operations for the port, it 
had  high  amortisation and interest costs along with  initial  ramp-up  in 
traffic.

C. Metros:

L&T METRO RAIL (HYDERABAD) LIMITED:

L&T Metro Rail (Hyderabad) Limited was incorporated on August 24, 2010 as a 
special purpose vehicle to undertake the business to construct, operate and 
maintain  the Metro Rail System including the Transit Oriented  Development 
in  Hyderabad  under  Public Private Partnership model  on  Design,  Build, 
Finance, Operate and Transfer (DBFOT) basis. During the year under  review, 
conceptual  engineering  and design basis report for the Project  has  been 
completed.  Further,  detailed design for Viaduct, Stations,  Depot,  Power 
Supply systems and Track system is in Progress.

XI. POWER DEVELOPMENT L&T POWER DEVELOPMENT LIMITED (L&T PDL):

SUBSIDIARY COMPANY:

L&T  PDL,  a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T, has been incorporated  as  the 
power  development  arm  with  the  objective  of  developing,   investing, 
operating  and  maintaining power generation projects of all  types  namely 
thermal,  hydel,  nuclear  and other renewable  form  of  energy  including 
captive and co-generation power plants.

During  the year 2011-2012, L&T PDL has reported a total income of  Rs.  17 
crore  by  way of Project facilitation and advisory service  fees  &  other 
income. Profit after tax was Rs. 1.3 crore for the year 2011-2012.

As of March 31, 2012, L&T PDL is developing the following projects  through 
its wholly owned subsidiaries:

Name of Project      Capa-  State          Name of        Current Status   
                      city                 Subsidiary 
                      (MW)   

Rajpura Thermal       1400  Punjab         Nabha Power    Construction work 
Power Plant-Phase I                        Limited        is in progress.

Rajpura Thermal        700  Punjab         Nabha Power    In the initial 
Power Plant-Phase II                       Limited        stages of 
                                                          Development

Singoli-Bhatwari        99  Uttarakhand    L&T            Construction work 
Hydro Electric              Limited        Uttaranchal    is in progress.
Project                                    Hydropower 

Tagurshit Hydro         60  Arunachal      L&T Arunachal  Detailed Project 
Electric                    Pradesh        Hydropower     Report (DPR) is 
Project                                    Limited        being revised for 
                                                          a possible 
                                                          upsizing of 
                                                          capacity.

Sach-Khas Hydro        149  Himachal       L&T Himachal   DPR is under 
Electric Project            Pradesh        Hydropower     preparation and 
                                           Limited        Survey &
                                                          Investigations 
                                                          work is being 
                                                          carried out.
                                           

Reoli-Dugli Hydro      420  Himachal       L&T Himachal   DPR is under 
Electric                    Pradesh        Hydropower     preparation and 
Project                                    Limited        Survey & 
                                                          Investigations 
                                                          work is being 
                                                          carried out.

TOTAL                28281 

Government`s  policy  to encourage significant capacity  addition  provides 
various  growth opportunities for private power developers.  Several  large 
projects  (including Ultra Mega Power Projects and Case-2 Bids) are in  the 
pipeline  and shall soon come up for development by private players.  Apart 
from  this,  private  players are also  developing  merchant  power  plants 
considering  the  continuing  peak deficit scenario  in  the  Indian  Power 
Sector.  This  throws  up many opportunities for the  Company  to  consider 
opportunities on its merit.

XII. URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE:

L&T URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED (L&T UIL): 

SUBSIDIARY COMPANY:

L&T UIL, a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T Realty Ltd., has built a balanced 
portfolio of Urban Infrastructure related projects in IT/ITES,  commercial, 
hospitality  and  residential  sectors  over  the  past  6  years.  It  has 
operational/under  construction projects in Chennai, Hyderabad,  Bengaluru, 
Vijayawada, Chandigarh and Kochi.

L&T UIL has its portfolio investment of over Rs. 562 crore as at March  31, 
2012, bulk of which is in the residential, commercial & IT and ITES sector. 
The  Company  earned total income of Rs. 27 crore  which  includes  project 
facilitation and advisory service fees of Rs. 8 crore. Profit after tax was 
at Rs. 13 crore for the year 2011-2012.

Financial   Performance   Summary   of   key   operational   SPVs:   (Urban 
Infrastructure). 

A. Projects completed:

Name of            Project Details                     A    B      C      D 
Subsidiary 

L&T Tech Park      The Company has to set up an IT     21   20      1     5
Limited            SEZ within the Infopark at 
                   Kochi, Kerala, as a 
                   co-developer.

                   Phase I of the project, with a 
                   built up area of 3.86 lakh sq.ft. 
                   is fully occupied.

L&T Infocity       The Company focuses on (i)         145  331     40   140
Limited            Operating and  maintaining the 
                   multi-tenanted IT Parks (ii)

                   Operating the Built to Suit IT 
                   facilities (iii) Facility 
                   Management and (iv) Development 
                   and Sale of Residential Units 
                   in Mega Residential Project 
                   `Serene County`.

                   The Company is in the process of 
                   identifying certain land parcels 
                   for development of commercial 
                   and residential space.


L&T South City     The Company is developing a        242  132     31    13 
Projects Limited   township consisting of 
                   residential complex, school, 
                   shopping complex etc., over 
                   90 acres of land situated at 
                   Siruseri Village, Kancheepuram 
                   District. As of March 2012, 
                   626 apartments have been sold. 
                   The next phase of 4.5 Million 
                   sq. ft of development is planned 
                   to be launched by September 
                   2012. The overall development 
                   is expected to be executed 
                   by 2017.

Hyderabad          The Company has developed a         18   16      3     3 
International      modern trade exposition centre 
Trade              on a 52 acre plot at Cyberabad,
Expositions        Hyderabad.
Limited

L&T Hitech City    The Company floated by L & T      0.67 0.69    (5)   (8) 
Limited            Infocity Limited,in partnership 
                   with APIIC, to set up an IT SEZ
                   at Vijayawada and has already 
                   constructed 2.1 lakh sq.ft of 
                   built up space. During 2011-2012, 
                   the total occupancy increased by 
                   10,917 sq.ft. The Board has 
                   decided to de-notify the SEZ for 
                   attracting more companies.

A = Total Income (Rs. crore) - 2011-2012    
B = Total Income (Rs. crore) - 2010-2011   
C = PAT/(Loss) (Rs. crore)  - 2011-2012 
D = PAT/(Loss) (Rs. crore) - 2010-2011

B. Major Projects under implementation (Urban Infrastructure) 

Name of Subsidiary            Project Details

1. CSJ Infrastructure         The Company is developing Mixed use 
Private Limited               Commercial Project of 1.85 million sq. ft., 
                              consisting of Mall, Hotel and Office space 
                              in Chandigarh.

2. L&T Bangalore Airport      The Company is formed to undertake 
Hotel Limited                 construction & operation of business class 
                              hotel with a total of 154 rooms.

3. L & T Vision Ventures      The Company is formed to undertake 
Limited                       development of a residential township at 
                              Vishakhapatanam.

4. L & T Seawoods Private     The Company was formed to execute a  Transit 
Limited                       Oriented Development at Seawoods,Navi Mumbai.

XIII. HOLDING COMPANY FOR OVERSEAS INVESTMENTS:

LARSEN & TOUBRO INTERNATIONAL FZE (LTIFZE): 

SUBSIDIARY COMPANY:

LTIFZE,  a wholly owned subsidiary of L&T, is incorporated in the  Hamriyah 
Free Zone, Sharjah as a Free Zone Establishment (FZE). LTIFZE is a  holding 
company of most of L&T`s investments in overseas companies. The Company  is 
also providing support to L&T and its group companies in the Middle and Far 
East by acquiring and hiring plant, machinery & other equipment for project 
business.

The  value of investments made in various S&A Companies through  LTIFZE  is 
Rs.697  crore. Total revenue earned during the year was Rs. 40  crore.  The 
income  mainly  comprised  of revenue from hire of plant  &  equipment  and 
dividend income from investments in subsidiary companies. Profit after  tax 
was Rs. 33 crore for the year ended December 2011.
 
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